Graphic Design & Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Graphic Design & Society - Essay Example Design is a crucial part in communication. Whereas radio advertising is influential in wider verbal and audio broadcast a different medium is necessary for visual stimulus. This occurs when anything is placed in front of the eyes. One form of visual stimulation communication is graphic design. The process that goes into a design All the communication that we see visually from billboards to magazine ads, web pages to flyers and even menus in restaurant required a designer to create them. The designer of such visual images has to first picture mentally the pieces of the work to be communicated in his mind. He has to create and organize his work in such a way that it meets the customer’s requirement and convey the message intended without distorting (Jorhson and Jameson). Graphic design is synonymous with society, in a way it is always omnipresent in life. It is found in every shape of life. Whether one is selling, persuading or stimulating design is right there to influence your decisions. Astounding graphic designers attract viewers to them making one feel affiliated towards them. It is integral in the promotion of emotions as well as actions. Graphic design involves evenly the procedure by which a design is created and the design or product created. The graphics design involves the artist breaking communication barriers by visually setting out proper techniques for the message. Graphic designs integral components are the image and the font type. Making an art craft, it does not maker one a graphic designer, graphic designing entails a lot including good interaction skills, talent, and even critical thinking. An artist is required within a limited amount of space the artist should convey feelings, opinions, and emotions repeatedly without using words. Audiences react differently to what they see based on individual experiences character and mental organization. For example a visual image that expresses or shows tears, there is something wrong. Mostly the emotions of sadness and sympathy come to mind (Jorhson and Jameson). Graphic design involves several styles. One style is the image-based design. This type of design an image transmits the majority all whole of a message and it includes few or no words to compliment it. In such images the picture carries the meaning and it has words they serve to support a message clearly expressed by the picture. In the text-based design style, the words carry the bigger message while the picture supplements. It is almost purely made of words while the picture serves a small amount of reference. It is important to note that explicit designers use text much differently than article writers do. Even when one has a text based design words must be limited and precise in their meaning and look. Even text fonts highly affect the emotion that is attributed to a graphic. It is the duty of a graphic designer to look for the necessary letter fonts, colours and images and use them to a balance that is fitting . Another part of the graphic design process is the job description. The designer is typically the cushion linking all the participating parties. The parties involved include, professionals, client’s audiences, artists whom all work through the designer to attain end results which is a piece that delivers the intended message. The artist becomes an intermediary linking the user and the audience. In

Textual Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Textual Analysis - Essay Example Mill’s theory as demonstrated in the book is not a social contract theory, and Mill has no hypothesis about the state of natural rights and nature (Mill 1978, 23-34). On the contrary, he states that his theory is justified by his moral theory and utilitarianism. Mill’s own political writings justify his belief that interaction with conflicting ideas and opinions is important to any comprehensive knowledge and to liberty itself. In fact, as revealed by Elizabeth Rapaport, one of the most prominent themes in the book is the significance of allowing unorthodox thought, to act as one of the guarantors necessary for freedom (Rapaport 1978, 9-12). According to Rapaport, John Stuart Mill calls the silencing of expression a weird evil, and demands that everybody should be allowed to speak and think freely, even if those in power do not agree with them (Mill 2008, 56-66). The words† political liberation† have been used mostly in the recent times by politicians, histo rians, philosophers and many others. The core principle of political liberalism was largely made current by Locke’s â€Å"Second treatise of Government† (1690) (Locke 2010, 12-15). The rule of law, individual liberty, the right to private property and government by consent of the people are just some of the issues taken for granted as fundamental to the human condition in the current world. As a source of their ideas, most liberal theorists today base their arguments on Locke’s concepts of governance (Locke 2010, 78-80). To some; post modernism, religious fundamentalism and socialism remain the ideological threats to liberalism. If this stands out to be a fact, then these ideologies attacks on the ideas that Locke, compared to any other, was influential in making the universal vocabulary of political discourse (Locke 2010, 132-150). The ideas of Locke and Mill with regards to political governance are quite similar. It is therefore a right argument that in his bo ok â€Å"The Second Treatise of Government† Locke supported the idea of political liberty as indicated on Mill’s book â€Å"On Liberty†. John Locke sets out to explain how political society emerged, how political society emerged, how the government or state has both the legitimacy and limits to political society, and how natural rights is a common reality to everyone (Locke 2010, 39-56). Locke starts by focusing on the idea that at the beginning, human being lived in perfect liberty, an anarchistic and stateless society. According to him, everybody enjoyed the full advantage of liberty during that time. However, this extensive liberty resulted to others abusing the liberty of others. For this reason, he argues that people came together to form a state and therefore the state was formed under social contract having specific obligations (Locke 2010, 156-169). If the state exceeds those obligations, and becomes an institution that oppresses the natural rights of in dividuals, then its authenticity is definitely lost, and can be rightly removed from power, so that the social contract can be established. The book, The Second Treatise of Government has been of great influential since its publication. It has been a foundation for social contract theory which outlines the legitimacy and the limits of governance in regards to individual liberty (Locke 2010, 67-78). On his part, Mill claims that most of humankind is mediocre. Therefore, everyone should be encouraged to grow and develop his mind because the progress of humanity is

Software Risk and Risk management Failure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Software Risk and Risk management Failure - Essay Example The risks that pose a threat due to some physical or structural flaw or damage are relatively easier to mitigate and eliminate as their causes are easily found. But certain risks are faced on routine basis and people become so used to them that after a while these risks stop being taken as a threat. Also certain risk handling situation depend upon the person facing the risk his decision at that moment. Certain risks are ignored or overlooked more commonly than others. At the time of meeting the user requirements are misunderstood by the developer due to certain barriers of communication which can result in an inadequate software requirement because client wasn’t able to convey his requirements properly and the developer worked on them thinking that these requirements were what the client wanted. Also no proper identification of key components so that they are developed as separate parts and merged as units to form a complete software. This technique is helpful in many ways. A follow up with client is necessary to mitigate this threat and using the key components identification technique developer can easily identify which software component deviates from requirements. Inefficient coding is also a issue that the software functions correctly but its speed\performance to calculate or perform operation it was designed for is slow. While coding it should be made clear by the project manager to programmers that code is optimized for eg a small chunk of inefficient code doesn’t show lack of performance but when hundreds of thousands of such lines of code accumulate the result is under performing software. One of the Major and most commonly overlooked software risk is the security risk. While developing a software for a company the security controls implemented are quite vulnerable. These vulnerability as often not noticed and employees can freely access data and information of other departments or tamper the information as well. This is a major risk whic h is overlooked quite a lot of time causing major losses. To reduce this risk and chances of such misuse Controlled access should be given to employees and hierarchy of access should be formed. Some other risks that are overlooked include softwares which are developed on one platform or system function incorrectly on some other platforms or systems. This is due to hardcoded development specific system types which is good for systems with similar configuration as it will perform up to the mark on them but for systems with different configuration it’ll be a hindrance. Writing a Flexible code so that changes can be accumulated if such situation is faced will be helpful. Also when developing a software it should be kept in mind that technology is making advancement at an exponential pace and users are also shifting to newer technology. So keeping this fact in mind the software be flexible to accommodate upgrades. DQ2-Risk management failure Why do companies fail at risk managemen t?   In responding to the question, draw from your own experiences, the text, the topic notes, the additional readings, and/or any additional sources that you research and cite.  Ã‚  Ã‚   The main reason for companies failing at risk management is the lack of contingency planning, training of employees and no proper company document or policy detailing a line of action if certain risk is identified. The requirement for risk management becomes higher for those companies where continuous running of operation

Old Wise Men Essay Example for Free

Old Wise Men Essay Do all old men truly possess wisdom because they can see their death on the horizon? Wisdom is a valued trait in our society today. In both King Lear by William Shakespeare and Tuesdays with Morrie by Mitch Albom, the main characters were able to acquire wisdom after undergoing trials and tribulations. However, both of these men began their quest as completely different people. Morrie always emphasized the value of family and of love, while King Lear saw these qualities that could be used to boot his ego. Morrie was disappointed by the way things were in society, while King Lear did not care much about it and accepted it the way it was. Morrie viewed death as a natural thing and an ideal way to live, while King Lear still wanted to live life as a King despite giving and dividing his land between his daughters. Regardless of being very different character wise and beliefs, both King Lear and Morrie came to achieve wisdom by experiencing the fact of life; otherwise known as death. Both of these men differed in their values when it came to the life concept. Morrie believed that it was better to perish than to live a life without love, where he quoted â€Å"If you don’t have the support and love  and caring and concern that you get from a family, you don’t have much at all. Love is so supremely important. As our great poet Auden spoke â€Å"Love each other or perish†Ã¢â‚¬ (Albom 91). This quote shows Morrie’s view of love and has the opinion that it is better to die than to live a life without love. Although Morrie grew up with little love in his life, this is the reason why he emphasized the importance of love and family to him. Contrarily, King Lear believed that family only existed to serve his needs. â€Å"Tell me, my daughters, since now we will divest us both of rule, interest of territory, cares of state which of you shall we say doth love us most that we out  largest bounty may extend where nature doth with merit challenge?† (I.I.47-53). This quote illustrates King Lear’s feeling towards family. He set against his daughters against each other for his benefit. His love was conditional, even though Cordelia was his known favourite between his daughters he warned her. â€Å" How, how, Cordelia? Mend your speech a little, lest you may mar your fortunes.† (I.I.94-95). This quote shows the fact that he believed that love in a family that is one-sided, he should only receive love but should not give any. On the contrary, Morrie’s love for this family was unconditional and a two-way street. However, Lear realized the value of unconditional love when Cordelia returned despite after disowning and cursing her but he was too late. While Morrie learned the value of love through the lack of having it earlier o in his life, King Lear  would learn it through the death of his daughter. Both cherish family and life more after coming to terms with the concept of death, and realize the trouble of their society. Both King Lear and Morrie Schwartz also had different perspectives on life and society. King Lear accepted the ranking of his society, of course, since he was the peak of the â€Å"great chain of being†. â€Å"All I ask is that you provide me with a hundred knights for my own entourage. I’ll keep only the title of king†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (I.I.136-138). This quote depicts King Lear’s view of society and that he comes before the rest of society, depriving 100 knights form society for his benefit. Morrie, on the other hand, was disgusted with how his society was so materialistic. A quote from Tuesdays with Morrie, â€Å"Do you know how they brainwash people? They repeat something over and over again. And that’s what we do in this country. Owning things is good. More money is good. More property is good. More commercialism is goodwe repeat it and have it repeated to us-over and over until nobody bother to even think other wise† (Albom 124). This quote demonstrates the disgust Morrie has with society and how it constantly promotes materialism rather than important values such as love, which is showed in this quote â€Å"You know how I always interpreted that? These people were so hungry for love that they were accepting substitutes† (Albom 125). This quote shows that Morrie believes that people are  materialistic because of a lack of love within their lives. Furthermore, King Lear realizes the disorder of his society during his hardships. â€Å"Thou rascal beadle, hold thy bloody hand. Why dost thou lash that whore? Strip thine own back Thou hotly lust’st to use her in that kind for which thou whipp’st her. The usurer hangs the cozener. (IV.VI.1 52-57). This shows both his disgust of the social customs of his time and how it favors the rich and frowns upon the poor. Lear regrets not being a just king and mistreating the poor people because he was too greedy. He bawled â€Å"Poor naked wretches, whereso’er you are, that bide the pelting of this pitiless storm, how shall your houseless heads and unfed sides, your looped and windowed raggedness, defend you from seasons such as these? Oh, I have ta’en too little care of this!† (III.IV.30-34). Although Morrie was aware of the problems within his society and always fought against them, Lear only came to this conclusion and earn this wisdom through these tribulations. Morrie and Lear had contradicting views of death before they acquired their wisdom. First of all, Lear believed that he would die as a king and even with his old age he believed death was far in the distance, proven in the quote â€Å"All I ask is that you provide me with hundred knights for my own entourage. I’ll keep only the title of king†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (I.I.136-138). Lear did not believe in preparing for his death or saying goodbye to loved ones, as he still wanted to live like a king even after diving his kingdom  and wealth. On the contrary, Morrie believed that death should be accepted in life. â€Å"Oh yes, you strip away all that stuff and you focus on the essentials. When you realize you are going o die, you see everything much differentlyLearn how to die, and you learn how to live†(Albom 83). This quote shows that Morrie though if more people lived as if they were going to die at any moment, then the world could be a more positive place. Morrie was also very optimistic and grateful for his disease and how long he had to say goodbye to everyone he cherished. â€Å"It’s horrible to watch my body wilt away to nothing. But it’s also wonderful because of all the time I get to say  good-bye.† (Albom 57) On the other hand, King Lear was coming to terms with his mortality. When Gloucester asked to kiss his hand he replied â€Å"Let me wipe it first, it smells of mortality.† (IV.VI.125-126). It shows that Lear found his new humbleness and acceptance through death. Morrie and Lear both achieved wisdom by coming to terms with their deaths. King Lear and Morrie Schwartz are very much alike, although they were completely different people before they acquired their wisdom. They were both able to attain insight and satisfaction through difficult hardships and becoming aware of the problems that are in their society. They have learned that if more people are aware of death and live everyday as if they were to die tomorrow, they would have more fulfilling  and satisfying lives. Through acquiring wisdom they realized the importance of their family, and love. They only differed in respect where Lear is filled with regret while Morrie gains a higher appreciation for it. Death is something that we all must accept and Lear and Morrie finally embrace it.

The Internally Displaced Persons Criminology Essay

The Internally Displaced Persons Criminology Essay Chapter 2 Internal Displacement has long been a concern of the international community due to its significant implication in international humanitarian engagement especially that it has far reaching and multifaceted consequences to the displaced. It indiscriminately affects human condition and interaction whether it is political, economic or social. It has been observed that displaced persons, especially the more vulnerable groups, are placed in helpless positions and often experienced human rights violations, discrimination and loss of social and economic rights (Turner, 2000; Kellenberger, 2009). In addition, the reality of insufficient or lack of IDP data as proven in the Southern Mindanao can be a hindrance to the humanitarian efforts to address the plight of the IDPs . This is attributed to poor access to comprehensive and updated data on internal displacement. In fact, the need to quantify data is proven to be a major and methodological challenge to all humanitarian actors (Norwegian Ref ugee Council, 2002). As such, there is a need of IDP profiling to determine the degree and accurate numeral account of displacement. In turn, patterns could emerge from these data that can be used to forecast or influence future decision of migration and provide sufficient response to the situation of the IDPs. Data Profiling The first step in responding to the plight of the IDPs is identifying them. The process of collecting data of IDPs is called IDP profiling which is defined in the Guidance on Profiling internally Pisplaced Person (2008) as the collaborative process of identifying internally displaced groups or individuals through data collection, including counting, and analysis, in order to take action to advocate on their behalf, to protect and assist them and, eventually, to help bring about a solution to their displacement Prior to the released of the said guidelines by the Norwegian Refugee Council, each displacement monitoring agencies have their own criteria on what are necessary and what should be included in their reports. This leads to some inconsistency and lack of data (Acketoft, 2008; Ferris, Cernea, Petz, 2011) which posed problems in synchronizing data during analysis and further comprehension on the nature and vulnerabilities of IDPs as shown in recommendations of various studies regarding IDPs. The said IDP guidance released by the Norwegian Refugee extensively promotes proper collection of information as it cites a list of what are the necessary variables needed to consider and this includes the number of displaced persons, disaggregated by age and sex and location/s, the place where displacement happens. Whenever possible, additional information could be included, but not be limited to: cause(s) of displacement, patterns of displacement, protection concerns, humanitarian needs, and potential solutions for the group/individual, if available. IDP profiling is one of the bases of the government agencies on how to do their duty as the primary responsible in securing the lives and welfare of the people. It is because reliable data is necessary for country strategies and operations, fund raising and advocacy. Better data is therefore a means to improve the humanitarian response After all, core data is essential for good planning of humanitarian assistance and protection. Since IDP profiling is merely identification of existing IDPs and their circumstances, the consolidation of IDP data is essential to be able to maximized available data and the next step after IDP profiling. In consolidating IDP data, the analysis during this stage will show the true scenario of the plight of the IDPs and from it derived a clear comprehension of their vulnerabilities and needs. Internally Displaced Persons To be able to properly do IDP profiling, it is essential to first comprehend what is an Internally Displaced Persons or IDPs. Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) are persons or groups of persons who have been forced or obliged to flee or to leave their homes or places of habitual residence, in particular as a result of or in order to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights and natural or human-made disasters, and who have not crossed an internationally recognized State border (Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement, 1998). The description provided by the GPID (1998) highlights two elements: the range of movement and the nature of movement.  The former means that the IDPs move within the country and remain in the jurisdiction of the national government. Meanwhile, the latter describe the situation of IDP and the causes of displacement. IDP move away from their normal place of residence because of several factors beyond their control such as armed conflict, generalized violence, human rights violations and disasters. All the factors have something in common; they are threat to the survival of the people in their previous place of abode and many, with no choice, thus compelled to move sometimes to the unknown. Walter Kà ¤lin (2008), one of the framers of GPID, in his book entitled Annotations of the Guiding Principles he noted that the above description is not a legal definition since being an IDP does not bestow a legal status since there is no need for it. This is because the rights and guarantees of the IDPs are already inherent in their character as a human being and as habitual citizens of their countries. More than that, the government is primary responsible to their well being since its duty is to safeguard the rights of its citizens. Types of IDPs IDPs can be systematically categorized into two distinct types based on the cause of displacement: conflict induced and environment induced IDPs. Conflict Induced IDPs Conflict induced IDPs are describe as people who were forced to flee due to threat of or active armed hostilities, generalized human rights violation in their area of residence. These people are in danger due to the armed hostilities that may be international (between at least two states or between government and national liberation) or non-international (between armed groups or between government and armed insurgents) in scope. If not, the danger may lie behind internal tensions and disturbances that fell short of armed conflict but still involve violence perpetuated by armed insurgent groups and/or government agents to instill or maintain peace in their area of habitat. In conjunction, the government and/or armed insurgent groups may transgress the rights of these people guaranteed by the national and international human rights law and may or may not endanger their life or freedom through persecution. These factors inflict fear upon these residents and thus forced them to move to o ther place to seek refuge (Kà ¤lin, 2008). Environmentally Induced IDPs The UNHCR has define the environmentally displaced persons as those who are displaced from or who feel obliged to leave their usual place of residence, because their lives, livelihoods and welfare have been placed at serious risk as a result of adverse environmental, ecological or climatic processes and events (Gorlick 2007) as quoted in Forced Migration Policy Briefing 1 (Boano, Zetter, Morris, 2008). It should be noted that the aforementioned definition of environmentally induced displacement has made no reference regarding cross-border movement so the movement of displacement can be within the country or have cross international borders. This study will refer the environmentally induced IDPs as people who flee within the borders of their country due to negative environmental activities and disasters that may be natural or human made such as landslides, flash floods, typhoons, and fire, which perilously endanger their life and their material and economic possessions. Vulnerabilities of IDPs IDP primary concern during displacement is a place to stay due to the fact that they lose/ left their house and other material possessions. They have left their residence to search for a place where in their physical security and integrity can be protected. In addition, they are often deprived of means to restore self-reliance and, subsequently, develop tendency to depend on humanitarian assistance since they lack access to livelihood and work opportunities . Most of them are sheltered in evacuation centers wherein most of the times are crowded. They became prone to illness such as diarrhea, pneumonia and other communicable diseases due to unsanitary condition and congested situation which sometimes lead to death (Philippines: Death and Disease IDP camps, 2009). Another concern is the loss of documents essential for receiving benefits or recognition before the law carried away by typhoon, storm and the like or left behind at home where theyll be at risk if they return to recover it. Without these essential documents, IDPs may be denied of basic services Out of these misfortunes, IDPs experienced a disruption or, in some cases, destruction of their social organization since the family members was separated or disrupted. In addition, there is sometimes reorganization in the family, wife or the eldest child becoming head of the household with the death or disability of the husband or the parents, which aggravates the condition of the IDPs. Vulnerable Sectors Among the IDP population, there are several sectors namely children, women, elder and persons with disabilities, who requires special attention due to their special circumstances (Birkeland, 2009). Internally Displaced Children The Guiding Principles of Internal Displacement and in tandem with the Convention of the Right of Children guaranteed the rights of children from prohibition of their enslavement, use in forced labor and participation or recruitment in armed hostilities. The Principles has also laid down the childrens rights to family life which means they have the right to be reunited with their family and to education. However in reality, children are at high at risk to be conscripted in armed hostilities, most commonly by insurgent or terrorist groups. They are  highly  susceptible  to be  exploited as porter or domestic servants or slaves. Even in environmental induced displacement,  they, especially unaccompanied minors,  can still be exploited  to sexual violations and likely to be neglected and trafficked The 2010 IDMC report on Internal Displacement also said that recruitment remained a grave and particular risk for many internally displaced children. It was seen that recruitment is a form of livelihood for some IDPs facing poverty. IDP camps and informal settlements continued to be prime recruiting grounds, as children there were relatively densely gathered, often without access to education (particularly those of secondary-level age) and unable to engage in other livelihood activities. Children are often exposed to high risk of physical violence and attack when travelling to and from school. Displaced children were also unable to access education because of fees, damaged infrastructure, and other displacement-related factors in 27 countries in 2010 . Moreover, children also lost their identification documents essential to receiving benefits or recognition before the law. Governments and institutions may deny them the services such as enrolment to school, medical services and claim to their properties since they cannot produce legal documents. Internally Displaced Women Women are  entitled  to protection against violence and exploitation, equal access to humanitarian assistance, services and education, and participation in decisions affecting them as explicitly stated in the Principles (Kà ¤lin, 2008). They are very vulnerable and needed to be protected from gender-based violence and sexual exploitation. In some cases, the wife has to replace their husband as breadwinner of the family especially during conflict wherein her husband may or may not die or left disabled. Besides, pregnant women do need special care due to their condition and the trauma of displacement only aggravates their condition. In the displacement, they are highly susceptible in risk delivering of a child because according to the UN Population Funds (UNFPA) Philippines country director, Suneeta Mukherjee, They are very vulnerable because they cant stop from delivering when their time comes. The number one problem is that the whole thing could be septic, the mother and the bab y could get infected and die. Vulnerability of women, such as single mothers and girls, are increasing due to domestic violence among other threats, and the lack of assistance reaching people with special needs. The high rates of trauma and anxiety, particularly among women and children, are more likely caused by the exposure to violence and grief over the death of loved ones . The status of internally displaced women has still remained difficult even though the efforts by international agencies are extensive. In all countries, displaced women who have become heads of households have had to support their children and older members of their family without a steady income, relying on piecemeal support. In merely providing adequate food, not to mention housing, health care and other services, burdens the displaced women in dealing with it . Elderly Displaced Persons   The elderly can have great difficulty in accessing humanitarian assistance. Moreover, they are most likely unable to flee quickly during conflict or disaster and unable to properly protect themselves from harm during times of conflict. Even among them, elderly women are more vulnerable. In some countries where the elders are eligible to receive state pensions, elders are unable to claim their entitlements due to lack of documentation. Additionally, they can easily succumb to illness while fleeing or in evacuation camps According to David Hutton (2008), Older people have often been overlooked in disasters and conflicts, and their concerns have rarely been addressed by emergency programs or planners. Until recently, older peoples needs in disasters and conflicts were addressed only by broader adult health and humanitarian programs. This has changed as several recent emergencies highlighted this populations vulnerabilities. Internally Displaced Disable Persons Disabled Persons are often easily separated from their families and find themselves left on their own. They are very prone to exhaustion and malnutrition due the difficulty of travel to safety and even in evacuation camps. Besides, they are predisposed to be discriminated or be subject to degrading treatment due to their disability. Moreover, the Relief Web report compiled on February 29, 2012 stated that, The problem is that those who are physically weak can hardly go to evacuation centers and access humanitarian aid. Its paradoxical, but it is often those who need it the most who struggle to receive assistance.(Briefing Kit for Philippines (the): Bringing Humanitarian Relief to, 2012) Humanitarian Assistance Historically, displacement has always been one of foremost causes of humanitarian engagement since the start of international humanitarian system. The displacement may endure for days, months and even decades. As such, the USAID recognizes in its Assistance to Internally Displaced Persons Policy that IDPs have needs that can be systematically divided into four phases: emergency phase, care and maintenance phase, reintegration and transition phase, and long term development phase. Emergency Phase Emergency phase is the period of displacement of the IDPs. In this phase, IDPs usually require basic necessities since they are most likely unable to bring emergency supplies due to the upheaval. In their condition, IDPs need immediate help or assistance that typically consists of shelter, food, water, clothing, medical assistance, sanitation systems, and protection (USAID, 2004). Care and Maintenance Phase Care and maintenance phase is the period where IDPs are somewhat settled in evacuation camps or temporary settlement. In this phase, IDPs tend to need access to education, trauma counseling, family tracing, protection from exploitation. Usually at this stage, IDPs are particularly vulnerable to exploitations and in need of protection since illegal recruiters can easily persuade the members of the families to work in abusive jobs since they are in desperate need of source of livelihood. During this phase as well, humanitarian agencies must prepare the IDPs to eventual return to their home through training and support for self reliance Reintegration and Transition The transitional reintegration phase is the period wherein the IDPs are either returning back to their residence prior to displacement or resettlement to a new area of residence. In this phase, IDPs often need transportation back to their home, protection from involuntary return, help to reclaim their land and rebuild houses and businesses, assistance for demining, support to establish accountable local governance and stronger civil society, and programs to reconcile lingering ethnic or political tensions and safeguard the rights of female-headed households. During this phase of transition and reintegration, IDPs often go back to their homes and find their properties destroyed or occupied by others. The damaged infrastructure devastated local economies, weak civil administrations, simmering social and political tensions, and lingering security risks that left behind by the conflict or disaster adds to their vulnerability. Furthermore, conflicts may erupt again exposing the returning IDPs in yet again vulnerable situation. Some IDPs never return home and must resettle permanently in new communities when their home prior to displacement is no longer feasible for habitat Long Term Development Phase In the long-term development phase, IDPs who have returned home or resettled permanently into new communities need assistance to construct or repair water systems, health systems, schools, and transportation routes. Resettled IDPs also need access to vocational training and business or agricultural loans and inputs. Population displacement can negatively affect stability and the longer-term development prospects of a nation. Prolonged displacement typically disrupts or reverses progress made in schooling, healthcare, food production, sanitation systems, infrastructure improvements, local governance, and other sectors fundamental to economic and social development. Failure to address the long-term development needs of previously uprooted population risks new cycles of national instability and population displacement Global trend In the current state of this research the proponents have an access only on disaggregated data of conflict-induced and environment- induced IDPs. Additionally, in effect of late recognition unlike conflict induced displacement which has numerous of monitoring agencies, environmental induced internal displacement has no long history of annual systematically collected and analyzed data base . When adding up the figures of conflict-induced IDPs and environmentally induced- IDPs featured in the website and annual reports of Internal Displacement Monitoring Agency (IDMC), the result is as shown below, although fluctuated in 2009, the number of IDPs remain considerably high. Figure 1. Global Trend of IDPs in millions (2007-2011) Philippines trend of IDP One of the biggest contributors on the abovementioned global estimation of internally displaced persons is the Philippines. In the last decades there are already millions of people who have been internally displaced by armed conflict and human rights, specifically during military operations against Muslim and Communist insurgencies as stated by IDMC. In addition, the numbers of IDPs is fluctuating but never goes lower than 20,000 since 2000. As of 2009, there are at least a total of 750,000 people or maybe more, were displaced in the fight between Armed forces of the Philippines (AFP) and MILF (DSWD, 15 May 2009). Even during the ceasefire between AFP and MILF in July 2009, there were still hundreds of thousands of people living collectively in centers and camps known by the government as evacuation centers, relocation sites and with host communities . Aside from internal conflicts, the country is also geographically situated at the western edge of the Pacific Ocean and sits on the ring of fire which is  prone to geologic and natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions seasonal typhoons, storms and flash floods (World Atlas). Since it frequently encounters natural disasters, this consequently caused displacement, at times in large scale with hundreds of thousands displaced in a single event. For instance in 2009, the Typhoon Ondoy displaced a total of 500 000 people while the typhoon Pepeng was another 500 000 . Moreover, the Center for Research and Epidemiology Disasters (CRED) disclosed that the  Philippines rank first in 2010 as the most  hazard prone country in the world (See, 2010). Region XI: Traces of IDP The Region XI: Davao Region as well accounted several traces of displacement. The New Peoples Army (NPA), communist military group, established fifteen NPA fronts in this region, totaling roughly 800 fighters. Based on several news articles they employed ambush, kidnapping, arson, extortion and liquidation of anti- NPA civilians as methods to pursue their vision. As such, the government conducts series of military operations to weaken the presence, to stop the above stated activities and capture the rebels. As a result mass displacement occurred in fear of being caught in crossfire or being misidentified either NPA or military supporters. For instance, in April of 2007 hundreds of families evacuated as a result of pursuit operations done by military in Brgy. Manay, Panabo City after NPA raided the Davao Penal Farm (Bwaga, 2007). Also, as cited in country displacement profile NDCC estimated that there are 2,060 people displaced at the end of April 2009 in Talaingod, Davao del Norte (I DMC, 2009) Besides the aforementioned military operations in the region, the Davao region is vulnerable too to environmental disasters. The Geo Hazard maps of MGBXI showed landslide and flood prone areas and almost all provinces are at risk to landslides and susceptible to flashfloods. The graphs below show the numbers of sitios/ barangays and numbers of families per province that is vulnerable to mass displacement due to flashflood and landslides in 2009. For instance, the Mines and Geosciences Bureau in region XI (MGBXI) declared Sitio Panganason as no habitation zone due to recurring landslide since 2007. Another is that the flashflood in Matina-Pangi, Davao City forced 3000 families to flee their homes and sought refuge in evacuation centers (Tesiorna, 2011). Figure 2. Sitios/Barangays susceptible to Mass Figure 3. Families susceptible to Movement due to Flashflood Landslides displacement due to Flashfloods and Source: MGB XI Landslides Issues of the IDP Data Despite the pursuit of various organizations, both international and local, in the collection of data of the IDPs, there are still various anecdotes that imply the difficulty of generating accurate data on IDPs. In fact, there is a poor access to a comprehensive and updated data regarding IDPs and even if there is such access, public distributed information is often difficult to validate with regards to origin and reliability (Norwegian Refugee Council, 2002). The same sentiment was implied by IDMC in their course of gathering statistics of IDPs. Since population movements in Mindanao are observed to be frequent and official registration has been incomplete, according to IDMC, these made reliable figures on the number of IDPs hard to come by. Besides difficulty in gathering data, Integrated Regional Information Network (IRIN), as cited (IDMC, 2011), has also noted that there are existing discrepancies in the IDP reports between the governments and international organizations. In particular, the Philippine government usually issues the lowest figures which can be misleading. In addition, despite the number of IDPs tallied, the phenomenon of internal displacement is still largely disregarded in the region. An anecdote about one RDMMRC director, who stated that there is no IDP in Davao in the aftermath of the Matina-Pangi flashflood, comes into mind. Moreover, the IDP phenomenon in the Davao region is overshadowed by the internal displacement in other regions. Hence, there is a need to acknowledge existing internal displacement in the region so that the concern of the IDPs can be properly responded. There are only various incident reports that can be easily accessible but there is no consolidated data and established trend a vailable to the public. Indeed, the need to quantify IDPs is a major practical and methodological challenge that needed to be prioritized by humanitarian actors. Monitoring Agencies International organizations such as IOM, IDMC, ICRC, USAID, and governmental agencies like NDRRMC, and DSWD take data profiling seriously to improve their humanitarian activities and lessen the human suffering around the world. IOM International Organization for Migration is an international organization committed to uphold a humane and orderly migration that benefits all. It is a leading international agency working with governments and civil society to advancement of the understanding of migration issues, encourage social and economic development through migration, and endorsement of the human dignity and well-being of migrants as reflected in its credo. IOM works to help ensure the orderly and humane management of migration, to promote international cooperation on migration issues, to assist in the search for practical solutions to migration problems and to provide humanitarian assistance to migrants in need, be they refugees, displaced persons or other uprooted people (IOM, 2012). Currently, climate change is an emerging threat to human security. As a response, IOM has three main objectives in facing this threat. First is to prevent forced migration resulting from environmental factors, as much as possible through reducing vulnerability and promoting adaptation to environmental and climate changes such as disaster risk managements. Second is to provide assistance and protection to affected populations, and seek durable solutions. Lastly is to facilitate migration as an adaptation strategy to climate change. To fulfill these objectives, IOM conducts several activities such as offering a forum for  policy  dialogue among states and NGOs, undertaking extensive research, conducting operational activities like humanitarian response and developing comprehensive strategies to better manage environmental migration and to address potential impacts of migration on the environment with the cooperation of partners like government and both international and local NGOs (IOM, 2012). Above and beyond, designation of an institutional focal point for internally displaced persons by the government is important. By designating an institutional focal point for internally displaced persons, the government demonstrates a clearest recognition of national responsibility for responding to internal displacement. It facilitates coordination on the issue and cooperation both within government and with local and international partners to ensure that the needs of internally displaced persons are not overlooked. This is the rationale on the reason why governments, such as the United States government and Philippine government, create institutional focal point for internally displaced persons or adds that responsibility to agencies in charge of social developments in their country. IDMC The Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) is a leading international body monitoring internal displacement worldwide established in 1998 by the Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) at the request of the United Nations. It runs an online database  that provides comprehensive information and analysis on internal displacement in countries around the world. It contributes to improving national and international capacities to protect and assist the millions of people around the globe who have been displaced within their own country as a result of conflicts or human rights violations as well as by natural disaster. In 2009, IDMC has started publishing annual global estimates of the worldwide scale of internal displacement caused by sudden-onset disasters. They are developing knowledge of the nature and patterns of displacement over time caused by different types of disasters. They are highlighting the specific rights and needs of displaced populations and the vulnerabilities of women, children and men who are particularly at risk. Other than that, they are raising awareness, building capacity and contributing to the development of policies and guidance for national and international actors in order to advocate for the protection of disaster-displaced populations (IDMC, 2011). Through the IDP database, reports and other publications, the IDMC promotes awareness and concern to the IDPs, points to gaps in the response of governments and the international community, and promotes durable solutions in line with the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement ICRC The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), established in 1863, works worldwide to provide humanitarian help for people affected by conflict and armed violence and to promote the laws that protect victims of war. It is an independent and neutral organization wherein its mandate stems essentially from the Geneva Conventions of 1949. The ICRC works primarily in situations of armed conflict and other situations of violence. In situations of armed conflict, IDPs are first and foremost civilians, and thus at the core of the ICRCs mandate. It is the ICRC that constantly reminds the parties to conflict of their obligations to protect the civilian population, as set out in the core rules of international humanitarian law. Also, they play significant roles during natural and human-made disasters by providing aid to the victims of natural disasters, both through the local work of the member Societies themselves and through the Federations international support for that work. In fact, they were entitled as the worlds largest provider of humanitarian aid. They act before, during and after disasters and health emergencies to meet the needs and improve the lives of vulnerable people. (ICRC, 2010). USAID The US Agency for International Development (USAID) is an agency of the United States government that has special interest in the protection of the IDPs. As one of the principal international donors in the field of internal displacement and humanitarian protection, USAID is driven by humanitarian and development concerns as well as political and security considerations. This is reflected in October 2004 when USAID adopted its Assistance to Internally Displaced Persons Policy, becoming the first donor organization to ever issue a policy statement regarding internally displaced persons. The specific purpose of the Policy and Implementation Guidelines is to ensure that a broad, integrated approach is used to reduce the human costs of population displacement and that long-term development is not reversed. This is done by providing assistance programs ranging from early emergency phase to long-term development phase. It is also responsible for ensuring a coherent response from the US gove rnment and the international community. In addition, it acknowledges particular characteristics of IDPs such as their lack of specia

A High School Stereotype Essay -- Stereotyping Teens Essays

A High School Stereotype Most students who have gone to high school had a lot of involvement in events that would possibly change them for the rest of their lives. Most students have a lot of memories and went through a lot of changes during that most unusual four year period. Events like learning how to drive, proms, and SAT’s are just a few of the things that all students had to go to while attending high school. Furthermore, most students were also involved in their school in some way shape or form. Examples of this would be sports such as football, track, or wrestling, fine arts such as band or theater, or academics such as clubs like the national honor society. However, to say that all of these groups of people keep only to themselves and never interact with other people is false. A New York Times article written in May of 1999 by Tamar Lewin says just that. This article describes how cliques and other social groups function at Chaparral High School in Scottsdale, Arizona. It also des cribes the parallels between Chaparral High School and Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado. The article uses appeals to emotion throughout, but does not make any real logical argument to back up the facts it presents. Most of the article rides on appeals to emotion, relying on the testimonials of a number of students to get the point across that the school is at risk. A technique that the author uses to get the point across using pathos is a mild form of scare tactic. Throughout the entire article the author makes references to Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado and how the two high schools are similar in size, wealth, and ethnic makeup. Everyone knows Columbine of course for the unfortunate s... ...ool with a higher income neighborhood, or they could have happened at a school with a lower income neighborhood. And to pin the events upon a certain high school saying that they are most likely to have a school shooting next is not accurate at all. Throughout the article, the author presents information that causes one to question the safety of our high schools. This information is directed toward a certain high school, causing concern among that school. Furthermore, the information presented does not have the kind of credibility that it needs to for the author to make statements like those made in the article. Around the nation many high schools are being falsely accused of being something that they aren’t. High school is a time for fun times and memories, and with false and stereotypical articles being written, it may take away from the memorable experience.

Isaac Asimov :: essays research papers

Isaac Asimov is a very talented writer. Isaac focuses on the intensity of his novels and short stories. Suspense is one of the things he focuses on when writing short stories such as "Marooned off Vesta." "Marooned off Vesta is a story of triumph and intelligence. This story shows what can happen if you put your mind to it"(Corke). 	Isaac Asimov, of Jewish descent, was born in Petrovichi, U.S.S.R. on January 2, 1920. His parents were Judah and Anna Rachel Asimov. Isaac also had a brother named Stanley and a sister named Marcia. In 1923 the Asimovs left the Soviet Union and immigrated to the States. Getting over seas was not as easy as it is today. The Asimovs had to endure a horrible boat ride with horrible food, seasickness, and the anxiety of what the future had in store for them. They made their home in Brooklyn, New York where they opened a candy store (Erlanger 9). When he was nine years of age, after school he worked in his parent's candy store. It was then that began reading science fiction magazines. He had to struggle to read these magazines because his father would not permit him to read "such junk"(Erlanger 9). " Isaac you should be reading books with more value," his father told him (wilson). Sooner or later his father gave in and told him not to forget his library books ( Erlanger 11). However, this reading material was the only thing that his dad would let him touch on the magazine rack. 	Young Isaac was a brilliant student. He went through school more quickly than other students. But there was one thing holding him back which was him being a class clown. He was frequently in trouble for talking in class (Erlanger 16). The person he could really identify with was his friend, "Solly," Solomon Frisch. Solly made up stories mostly every day off the top of his head for Isaac. This was when Isaac learned that stories do not have to come from magazines or books, they can come from a person. Unfortunately when Solly and Isaac were both seven, they parted as a result of both families moving. The Asimovs moved on Essex street near Judah's new candy store. As the years went on and he graduated Boys High School in 1935, he applied to Columbia University and took on Chemistry as a major (Erlanger 18).

Is There Too Much Technology? Essay

Technology is a great thing, it is used anywhere and everywhere around the world. Whether it’s a radio or an iPad, we all have some sort of technological device lying around somewhere in the house. You can ask it to do something and it will do it for you, it is a way of improving our living conditions. Let’s start with the mobile phones as an example. If you are like me then you can’t be off your phone for more than two minutes. If you are not calling someone then you are texting someone. If you are not texting someone, then you are browsing the web, most likely you would be on facebook or twitter. If you are not doing any of those things then you would be staring blindly at your phone with nothing to do, or just waiting for something to happen. We seem very reluctant to just turn our phones off. Being a user myself I have nothing against mobile phones, but technology has become more than a tool and more of a lifestyle.  We all have to adapt to a new generation of technology. It’s all something we have to get used to. As time passes by technology seems to get better, better and better. When I was a little children all I remember was playing with my dolls. Internet usage can lead to loneliness and misery. Imagine the people, who spend all their time on the Internet, this would not leave them any time to spend with their families or friends. They would never have time to get out of their homes to meet new friends or neighbours, not allow them time to exercise , or allow them the ability to experience life. Although some people argue that technology can be good for introverted people by allowing them opportunities to have more social activities, a more accurate assessment of modern day technology would be that it is harmful to society, causing people to spend less time with family and friends, at parties, at sporting events, and less time pursuing an active lifestyle. We need to understand that while technology is useful and necessary, there are also many negative drawbacks. The modern day Internet provides users with instant information from around the globe. We are able to learn and process information at much greater rates than society did before the invention of modern technology. While all this is exciting and wonderful, technology users need to understand the dangers associated with too much of a good thing. Teens should be limited to the amount of time they spend on-line, and by themselves.

Child Advocacy Essay

Explanation Paper on Child Advocacy soc 4800 Dr. Schmidt Child advocacy refers to a range of individuals, professionals and advocacy organizations who promote the optimal development of children. An individual or organization engaging in advocacy typically seeks to protect children’s rights which may be abridged or abused in a number of areas. This type of occupation advocates for all children whether they are a boy or a girl. Children in all areas of the globe experience some sort of abuse and without omeone in place to be that voice for them, their cries are left unheard. My presentation points out the Job description of a child advocate and how someone can take this position to make a difference. I intern at the Haven which is a battered women’s shelter and I see firsthand how children are affected by abuse. Child advocates don’t make much money to do what they do, however, the reward is eternal. Child advocates exist in school, community, and home environments, and ork on an individual, group or governmental levels to protect and nurture children. In most circumstances, mothers, fathers, family and teachers all advocate on behalf of children, although it is well recognized that we all have the ability and responsibility to advocate on behalf of children. Eight Canadian provinces. including Ontario, have an official Child Advocate whose job it is to protect the interests and welfare of all the children in the province. Within he criminal Justice system, child advocates are concerned with the developmental needs of children and young people, and can play an important role in ensuring due process rights for young people in conflict with the law. They can help provide a voice for children and young people, ensure Just and humane conditions of custody, and guard the privacy rights surrounding record provisions. They can also work to ensure that the special legal protections assigned to young people are provided with dignity and fairness.

Why You Shouldn’t Drop Out of High School

Why Does High School Fail So Many? Majority of students decide to drop out because of not having the support they need from their parents or the fact that school is uninteresting to them. Once the students’ self-esteem goes down, the thought of them doing well in school is impossible. When their self-esteem drops the students may to think â€Å"why even attend school† or â€Å"what is the point of going to class†. Students find it hard to pay attention in class while learning when the material given out is boring.If students start to lose interest in the subject or topic they are learning about, it may lead them falling asleep in class, staring at the clock waiting until class is over, or disturbing another person in class to communicate about something else. Once a student has lost interest in school its highly expected students will not start to show up for class. High school students drop out of school because the teachers don’t make the class more inte resting.Students would go in to class and ones it starts the students would start starring into space thinking and using their imagination. Teachers sometimes don’t have that ability to try and get the students more motivated in what the whole class is about. Mr. Brownlee class is a perfect example of why students don’t learn and achieve in school. For my 10th grade geometry class, he would go in class give us a minute to sit down have a seat and then he starts lecturing.Students would go into class late because of how boring it would be, or not making it interesting. Math was a subject to teach students how to work the numbers and how to use them, but he never really made any sense to what he was saying or doing. For the rest of the semester it would just be ditching his class, playing around or slacking on his work because there was never homework. Mr. Bownlee ended up passing the kids without trying on their own and making their grade easier. In my opinion teachers should always make an attempt†¦

Life Span Development of Martin Luther King

LIFE SPAN DEVELOPMENT AND PERSONALITY Life Span Development and Personality Jocelyn N. McGuire CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY: I certify that the attached paper, which was produced for the class identified above, is my original work and has not previously been submitted by me or by anyone else for any class. I further declare that I have cited all sources from which I used language, ideas and information, whether quoted verbatim or paraphrased, and that any and all assistance of any kind, which I received while producing this paper, has been acknowledged in the References section. This paper includes no trademarked material, logos, or images from the Internet, which I do not have written permission to include. I further agree that my name typed on the line below is intended to have, and shall have the same validity as my handwritten signature. Student's signature (name typed here is equivalent to a signature): __Jocelyn N. McGuire Jocelyn N. McGuire Psy/300 February 08, 2010 Life Span Development and Personality of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. The Heredity The late Dr. Martin L. King life span development and personality began long before his birth. His father Martin Luther Sr. parents were poor sharecroppers’. Born in 1899 the 19th day of December in Stockbridge, Georgia. King witness actual cruelty of racism in the south. He was victimized and beaten by a white man in his early teenage years, also observe a white crowd hang a black man. Nevertheless his family continues to believe in nonviolenceduring a time when racial prejudice and racial injustice existence. When his mother was dying, King curse and hated white people, but his mother disagreed. â€Å"Hattred makes nottin but more hatred†¦ don’t do it. Jackson. C (nd). The influence of heredity path of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. can be track back to his great grand mother. She was a woman of peace, forgiveness, and believes in nonviolence. Life Span Development and Personality of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. LIFE SPAN DEVELOPMENT AND PERSONALITY College studies consist of social psychology, classics in english, social institutions, social legislation, urban sociology, intercultural relations, introduction to philosophy, principles and methods of statistics, and seminar in sociology. King Jr. preaches his trail sermon at Ebenezer Baptist Church. In 1948 is then ordained and appointed assistant pastor at Ebenezer Baptist Church. Soon afterwards he would continue his education at the Crozer Theological Seminary. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. actions were influence by his father the Rev. Martin Luther King Sr. The Civil Rights leader,theologian, and educator Howard Thurman. Inspired by Mahatma Gandhi approach of non-violent actions. And Bayard Rustin who had studied Gandhi teachings counsel King to be dedicated to the principles of non-violence, Rustin also served as Kings advisor and mentor during the early activism. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. wrote â€Å"The ultimate measure of a man is not where he stands in moments of comfort and convenience, but where he stands at times of challenge and controversy. † Martin Luther King Jr. , Strength to Love, 1963 Psychological Development and Personality LIFE SPAN DEVELOPMENT AND PERSONALITY motions that are specific and tied to his environmental experiences. His beliefs were that all people are equal and be treated the same, he would process the information about himself and the world. LIFE SPAN DEVELOPMENT AND PERSONALITY References A African American Family Connection. Retrieved from http://www. aafricanamericanconnection. com Jackson, C. , Retrieved from http://www. findagrave. com Kowalski, R. M. , & Westen, D. (2005). Psychology: The Study of Mental Processes and Behavior Retrieved form University of Phoenix eBook Collection database

Revoulution essays

Revoulution essays By any criteria the years following the War of 1812, otherwise known as the Era of Good Feelings, must be considered a time of exceptional growth and development in the United States, but above all, it may be considered a time of evolution and ripening of American nationalism, unification, and economic prowess. The war of 1812 was a very problematic war. States did not fulfill their duties, while commanders and leaders were not informed or supplied enough to keep up the war. But what awakened during this time and afterwards is something much greater then victory. The war wasnt just about Britain holding land and impressing American sailors into their navy; it was a second war of independence. It was the first war as a united country, and it was a small new nation against a large European empire. That we survived woke us up, and let us know that we did have a nation. For the first time, we were united, not for a fight of our homes and freedoms, but for ideals (The Awakening of Ameri can Nationalism, AAN). The war of 1812 began long before war was declared. It began right after the war of Independence. The British were not too fond of us breaking away from their empire, and they soon figured out that many revolts were because we had fought and won. They taxed our merchants, and hassled our ships, but they crossed the line when they began to impress our sailors into their navy. They claimed that these people had deserted the royal navy and should be given back. Though they may have been right on a few occasions, it has been proven that many innocent people were forced to be in the royal navy. On June 22, 1807, the English frigate Leopard attacked the United States frigate Chesapeake, and took from her certain of her sailors who, the Leopards captain claimed, were British citizens. (John K. Mahon, The War of 1812) This is what broke the straw on the proverbial camels back. Many citizens wanted...

Turn Your Art Essay into a Masterpiece

Turn Your Art Essay into a Masterpiece Here are the guidelines on analyzing the artwork and writing your art essay. Read and get to know about some types of art essays and how they differ. An art essay is a type of essay focusing on the analysis of a given piece of art.   Art is generally referred to such genres as painting, sculpture, architecture, photography, and other types of human activity. The art essay, therefore, can be written on any of the above-described subcategories. In this article, we will review some basic principles of analyzing  the most common kinds of art. Before reading further, you may look through our art essay topics list containing 70 most popular topics about arts: 70 Art Essay Topics List Types of Art Essays An art analysis essay can be of two major types: comparative and formal. Comparative art essays are aimed at comparing two or more pieces of art with the aim of identifying the similarities and differences between them. In turn, formal art essays, serve the purpose of analyzing an art form, identifying its most salient features. Comparative analysis of an art form is based on the formal analysis. When you are doing a comparative analysis of a piece or pieces of art, you should first analyze it according to the canons of the formal approach, and then they are compared and contrasted against each other. There are two possible strategies to pursue in this case. The first strategy is called lumping, where you can analyze all details of exhibit A and then of exhibit B. The second strategy is often referred to as splitting when all details of exhibit A and exhibit B are analyzed in parallel. The formal analysis of an art piece simply means that the form is the main object of scrutiny. Such aspects as color, line, space, and mass are analyzed in the first place. In most cases, there is certain symbolism behind each fragment of the piece of art, so they need to be analyzed carefully too. When analyzing a piece of art from a formal standpoint, be sure to address such questions as: The name of the artist.    The period when this piece of art was created.    The historic context behind the analyzed piece of art.   Background of the artist.   What is the physical condition of the work?   Is it typical for the period? What movement does it belong to? Pay attention to the details (lights, colors, technique etc). Are they in harmony? Depending on the piece of art you are looking at, you may utilize different approaches in writing your art essay. For example, if you are going to write about a piece of architecture, then you should mention aspects like materials, size, shape, function. If you are looking at a painting, you are mostly interested in colors, forms, line, the depicted object, symbolism, hues, and light. If you still have questions about writing an art essay or need one to be written, feel free to contact us or place an order.

IDs 575661 essays

IDs 575661 essays ID: Heraclius was born in Cappadocia, in Anatotlia, somewhere around 575. In 610, his father, the governor of Carthage (Africa), sent him to Constantinople to overthrow the tyrant Phocas. This venture was successful and Heraclius was proclaimed emperor on October 5, 610 Sig: Heraclius had to begin his reign by recovering much of his empire from the Persians. He also had to reorganize the government and the army. Heraclius brought efficiency into the government and restored financial stability to the empire. In 621, Heraclius began a seven-year series of campaigns against the Persians. This began because Heraclius wanted to recover lost territory in Asia Minor. A peace treaty which limited Persia to its old frontiers was also signed during this time ID: Military units and provinces give to soldiers in exchange for military service. ID: Generals who were put in charge of the civil administration of the themes. SIG: They became the elite and expanded the army. ID: Emperor from 717-741. He launched an attach against the Eastern church's use of icons. SIG: He was only after successfully repulsing the Muslim armies in their second major attack on Constantinople (717-718) that Leo openly declared his opposition to icons for the first time. An angry mob murdered the official who was sent to replace the con of Christ with a cross over the Bronze Gate. Whole sections of the empire rebelled vigorously. Leo eventually secured the retirement of the Partiarch of Constantinople and the consecration of a new one who favored his own views. ID: opposition to the religious use of images. Religious pictures and statues were an early feature of Christian worship SIG: Iconoclasm flourished in Asia Minor in the 8th and 9th cent. and was favored by several Byzantine emperors. The controversy led Byzantine artists toward spiritual expression rather than naturalism ID: intimate cooperation between the Church and the State which made the Byzan...

Letter of the Alphabet Not Found in Element Names

Letter of the Alphabet Not Found in Element Names The letter J is the only one not found on the periodic table. In some countries (e.g., Norway, Poland, Sweden, Serbia, Croatia), the element iodine is known by the name jod. However, the periodic table still uses the IUPAC symbol I for the element. About The Element Ununtrium There was speculation the newly discovered element 113 (ununtrium), might get a permanent name starting with a J and element symbol J. Element 113 was discovered by the RIKEN collaboration team in Japan. However, the researchers went with the element name nihonium, based on the Japanese name for their country, Nihon koku. The Letter Q Note that the letter Q does not appear in any official element names. Temporary element names, such as ununquadium, contain this letter. However, no element name starts with Q and no official element name contains this letter. Once the final four elements on the present periodic table get official names, there will be no Q on the periodic table. The extended periodic table, which includes undiscovered superheavy elements (atomic numbers greater than 118) would still contain the letter Q in temporary element names.

Emperors of Chinas Han Dynasty B.C. 202 to 220 A.D.

Emperors of China's Han Dynasty B.C. 202 to 220 A.D. The Han Dynasty ruled China after the fall of the first imperial dynasty, the Qin in 206 B.C. The Han Dynastys founder, Liu Bang, was a commoner who lead a rebellion against the son of Qin Shi Huangdi, the first emperor of unified China whose political career was short-lived and full of contempt from his peers. For the next 400 years, civil unrest and war, internal familial conflicts, sudden deaths, mutinies, and natural succession would determine the rules that would lead the dynasty to great economic and military success over their long reign. However, Liu Xis ended the long reign of the Han Dynasty, giving way to the Three Kingdoms period of 220 to 280 A.D. Still, while it maintained power the Han Dynasty was hailed as a Golden Age in Chinese history - one of the finest of Chinese dynasties - leading to a long legacy of the Han people, who still comprise the majority of Chinese ethnicities reported today.   The First Han Emporers In the final days of the Qin, Liu Bang, a rebel leader against Qin Shi Huangdi beat his rival rebellion leader Xiang Yu in battle, resulting in his hegemon over the 18 kingdoms of imperial China that had pledged allegiance to each of the  combatants. Changan was chosen as the capital and Liu Bang, posthumously known as Han Gaozu, ruled until his death in 195 B.C. The rule passed to Bangs relative Liu Ying until he died a few years later in 188, passing in turn to Liu Gong (Han Shaodi) and quickly onto Liu Hong (Han Shaodi Hong). In 180, when Emporer Wendi took the throne, he declared that Chinas border should remain closed to maintain its growing power. Civic unrest resulted in the next emperor Han Wudi overturning that decision in 136 B.C., but a failed attack on the southern neighbor Xiongu  realm resulted in a several-year campaign to attempt to overthrow their biggest threat. Han Jingdi (157-141) and Han Wudi (141-87) continued this plight, taking over villages and converting them to agricultural centers and strongholds south of the border, eventually forcing the Xiongu out of the realm across the Gobi Desert. After Wudis reign, under the leadership of Han Zhaodi (87-74) and Han Xuandi (74-49), the Han forces continued to dominate the Xiongu, pushing them further west and claiming their land as a result. Turn of the Millenium During the reign of Han Yuandi (49-33), Han Chengdi (33-7), and Han Aidi (7-1 B.C.), Weng Zhengjun became the first Empress of China as a result of her male kin - though younger - taking the title of regent during her supposed reign. It wasnt until her nephew took the crown as Emporer Pingdi from 1 B.C. to A.D. 6 that she advocated her rule. Han Ruzi was appointed as emperor after Pingdis death in A.D. 6, however, due to the childs young age, he was appointed under the care of Wang Mang, who promised to relinquish control once Ruzi came of age to rule. This was not the case, instead and despite much civil protest, he established the Xin Dynasty after declaring his title was a Mandate of Heaven. In 3 A.D. and again in 11 A.D., a massive flood struck Wangs Xin armies along the Yellow River, decimating his troops. Displaced villagers joined rebel groups who revolted against Wang, resulting in his ultimate downfall in 23 wherein Geng Shidi (The Gengshi Emporer) tried to restore the Han power from 23 to 25 but was overtaken and killed by the same rebel group, the Red Eyebrow. His brother, Liu Xiu - later Guang Wudi - ascended the throne and was able to fully restore the Han Dynasty throughout the course of his reign from 25 to 57. Within two years, he had moved the capital to Luoyang and forced the Red Eyebrow to surrender and cease its rebellion. Over the next 10 years, he fought to extinguish other rebel warlords claiming the title of Emporer. The Last Han Century The reigns of Han Mingdi (57-75), Han Zhangdi (75-88), and Han Hedi (88-106) were rife with small battles between long-time rival nations hoping to claim India to the south and the Altai Mountains  to the north. Political and social turmoil haunted the rulership of Han Shangdi and his successor Han Andi died paranoid of eunuchs plots against him, leaving his wife to appoint their son the Marquess of Beixiang to the throne in 125 in hopes of maintaining their family lineage. However, those same eunuchs that his father feared ultimately led to his demise and Han Shundi was appointed the emperor that same year as Emporer Shun of Han, restoring the Han name to the dynastys leadership. Students of the University started a protest against Shundis eunuch court. These protests failed, resulting in Shundi being overthrown by his own court and the quick succession of Han Chongdi (144-145), Han Zhidi (145-146) and Han Huandi (146-168), who each tried to fight against their eunuch adversaries to no avail. It wasnt until Han Lingdi ascended the thrown in 168 that the Han Dynasty was truly on its way out. Emperor Ling spent most of his time roleplaying with his concubines instead of governing, leaving control of the dynasty to eunuchs Zhao Zhong and Zhang Rang. Downfall of a Dynasty The final two emperors, brothers Shaodi  - the Prince of Hongnong - and Emperor Xian (formerly Liu Xie) led lives on the run from mutinous eunuch counsels. Shaodi only ruled one year in 189 before being asked to relinquish his throne to Emperor Xian, who ruled throughout the remainder of the Dynasty. In 196, Xian moved the capital to Xuchang at the behest of Cao Cao - the Yan Province governor - and a civil dispute broke out between three warring kingdoms vying for control over the young emperor. In the south Sun Quan ruled, while Liu Bei dominated western China and Cao Cao took over the north. When Cao Cao died in 220 and his son Cao Pi forced Xian to relinquish the title of emperor to him. This new emperor, Wen of Wei, officially abolished the Han Dynasty and its familys inheritance to rulership over China. With no army, no family, and no heirs, the former Emporer Xian died of old age and left China to a three-sided conflict between Cao Wei, Eastern Wu and Shu Han, a period known as the Three Kingdoms period.

How to Improve and Retain Your German Fluency

How to Improve and Retain Your German Fluency Here are some suggestions to help you with your goal to improve your German.   Surround yourself in German:Label your home, your workplace with German words. And dont label with nouns only. Do colours, verbs (such as à ¶ffnen /open and schließen /close on a door), adjectives (e.g. rauh/rough, weich/soft on different textures).Paste the conjugation of verbs you have difficulties with on your bathroom mirror.Change the settings on your computer to German.Have a German site as your homepage.Learn at least one German word a day: More if you can retain them. Then practice it on someone that day or write it in a sentence, so that it becomes part of your spoken vocabulary and not just your comprehension vocabulary.Write in German every day: Keep a journal or diary, get an e pen-pal or join the one-on-one classes on our forum. Write your to-do lists in German.Read in German every day: Read, read, read!Subscribe to a German newspaper/magazine, a German-American newspaper or read German magazines/newspapers online.Use a German cookbook.Read childrens books. They expo se you to basic vocabulary, dont have much jargon and often use repetition. As your vocabulary increases, try older childrens/youth books.Read dual-language books. They give you the satisfaction of reading more advanced classic books. Listen to German every day: Challenge yourself to watch a German podcast, show etc. or listen to German music every day.Find a German buddy: If there are no Germans near where you live, pair up with someone else who is learning German and commit yourselves to speaking only German with each other.Practice wherever you go: Though limited in a non-German speaking country, with some creativity, you can get some daily German practice. Every little bit helps.Become involved in your local German club: Also try the universitys Kaffeeklatsch, the Goethe-Institute. Depending where you live, you may have the opportunity to attend German festivities, German film screenings, book clubs etc. If no such thing exists in your community, why not create your own German club? Even just a simple evening of German board games with two or three people will enrich your German learning experience.Take a German course: Check out your community college, university or language schools for courses. Study for a German proficiency test this year. Study/Work in Germany: Many German organizations and institutions offer scholarships or grants for a study abroad experience.Most important resolution to always keep: Believe that you can and will learn German.

Jasper's Ethical Issue Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 11

Jasper's Ethical Issue - Case Study Example As the discussion stresses Jasper can solve this ethical issue by restructuring the system into a more accurate one. However, this time should incorporate other personnel to come up with top results. Although the general manager was advised and his proposal to sell the system to the hospital objected by Jasper, he went ahead and sold it to the hospital. However, the general manager can decide to compensate the patient that died as a result of the wrong information given by his system. His company can also decide to withdraw from manufacturing of the system. According to the paper it is necessary to consider the general wellness of other people apart from the income generated to the company from the sale of the system. The fact that Jasper’s company knew of the problem with the system, it would have been vital to firstly ensure the problem was completely resolved before it can be put in use. In fact, this ought to have been prioritized since the machine was to do with lives of patients. The solution by the company to get another umbrella of insurance policy to cover any casualties emanating from the use of the system is unethical and uncalled for. It is apparent that if the company produced an excellent system with no problems, it could not have taken the insurance policy. This means that the company unethically took the policy with expected misfortune. It was unethical that Jasper’s company did not apply any ethics in dealing with the sale of the system. Therefore, the case of Jasper’s company needs to be handled w ith a lot of sensitivity. The company need to be punished according to the provision of the law in order to avoid such occurrences. Jasper also needs to be referred back for more training on how to perfect his knowledge of user interface. It would be necessary for individuals like Jasper to put in to consideration other people’s welfare when designing and manufacturing such systems. It is unethical for scientists and

WK 4 PERCEPTION KEY Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

WK 4 PERCEPTION KEY - Assignment Example Towards the end, the composition returns to F note, building a feeling of completeness in listeners-releases tension. There are no areas in the composition where F is expected to be the next not and it is not. It has been supplied well when expected signifying a sense of stability or temporary stability, indicating that, the supply of F appropriately helps release tension in listeners. The difference in the temporary finality created in the middle section and the finality expressed at the end is effective in the sense that, it shows as the effects of temporary stability, the limits of our movement from that stability and the associated security and pleasures of total stability experienced at the end. This composition evokes a feeling of insecurity and tensions associated with being away from home. Just as this composition, swing low sweet chariot, any piece that produces what is expected of it, is not only interesting but also satisfying. Rock dance is a dance technique that is highly demanding because of its acrobatics, high speeds, and is also a straining dance performance considered to be a preserve of young dancers. Rock dancing demands loud music because it is argued that, loud music is in sync with intense energy. In order to achieve the requirements of rock dancing techniques, loud music is essential, because, it is an obvious synchronization of body and mind. Performing of powerful and spontaneous muscular motions explains the popularity of rock dance, especially in the sixties and the seventies. This is attributed to the fact that it is very competitive, athletic and is a dance that, although demanding, can be performed by both groups and couples. Older generations dislike both rock dance and rock music because of their acrobatic, high-energy, speeds and loud music respectively. For this reason, rock dancing is a mode that can be both danced and watched. Rock

Gary (2002) indicates that nurses display many of the characteristics Essay

Gary (2002) indicates that nurses display many of the characteristics of an oppressed group. Do you agree or disagree with her a - Essay Example The conditional status of oppression has been rampant in medical institutions, yet, overt recognition of its existence is consistently denied. As nursing is generally viewed as female-dominated profession, many distinguish it as lower compared to predominantly masculine careers. Hence, nurses from various fields are extensively pressured to prove themselves in the patriarchal society (Seago, 2006). Accordingly, feminist antagonism serves as primary source for negative viewpoints adapted in medical settings. In relation to career antagonism, the nature of oppression spreads from hierarchical nursing ranks. Concertedly, nursing management deviates from the ideals of supportive supervision into tyrannical leadership. In parallel view with the study by Gary on â€Å"Why and Wherefore of Empowerment,† intentional intimidation of junior nurses by senior nurses in clinical field is perceived as effective means in controlling behavior of the former (Stevens, 2002). Upon inciting fear, most nurses act according to manipulation of ranked nurses--nurses’ independent functions are broken to fit the whims of senior nurses. The problem with oppression is not only provoked by those with higher organizational authority. As revealed by American Association of Critical Nurses (2007), even peer-to-peer association augments oppression in practice.

Mitigation of Earthquakes in Mega Cities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Mitigation of Earthquakes in Mega Cities - Essay Example Although earthquake is a natural phenomenon that cannot be averted, we can take some precautions in order to mitigate the destructive potential of its aftermath. The invention of Richter scale has enabled us for computing the magnitude of earthquakes. Today, it is possible to identify frequently earthquake occurring places and the intensity of every earthquake. Modern facilities such as earthquake alarming systems are some of the advancements in this area. However, lack of improved infrastructural deterrence techniques often affects the effectiveness of disaster prevention in mage cities. According to census reports published by Government of Maharashtra (2000) in 1991, 60% of the registered buildings in Mumbai were made up of non-engineered materials such as informal masonry. It is important to note that Mumbai is categorized under seismic zone 3, which indicates the high vulnerability to the occurrence of devastating earthquakes. The earthquake history of Mumbai reflects that large number of earthquakes occurred across different parts of the city during the last century and even in the last two years. Severe losses had not been reported until 1967 when one attacked Koyna region of Mumbai with a magnitude of 6.3. Large number of buildings was destroyed at this calamity. Damages of such sorts can be avoided to a large extent only if the city employs geotechnical guidelines for the disaster prevention. The Earthquakes and Megacities Initiative (EMI) reports that â€Å"poor governance structures, lack of awareness, and poor professional standards and ethics† are some of the major impediments for disaster prevention in mega cities (cited in Wenzel, 2006).

Australian Indigenous People Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Australian Indigenous People - Essay Example This survival of a close link between religion and health helps to understand the way Australian indigenous population tends to think and act. For instance, "the eating of clay or charcoal and a range of other substances might superficially be considered bizarre or at best to be of limited adaptive value, and this is reflected in a long and continuing debate about the benefits or otherwise of geophagy" (Rowland 2002, p. 51). Many indigenous tribes suppose that their healing culture reflects a person's identity and helps him/her to recover after certain rituals. Healing practices are used in a variety of ways in reference to a number of social traditions and values (Johns and Sanders 2005). Many healing practices involve magical rituals based on sacred knowledge and beliefs. Unfortunately, most of such practices do not cure such diseases as cancer or diabetes which cause sufferings and deaths to indigenous population. Australian indigenous culture is based on a specific system of standards or rules a person attributes to the membership of the group as a result of his experience (Dudley 2004). According to cultural norms and traditions, many indigenous people reject modern health care and medical help relying on magical rituals and geophagy. (Indigenous Health 2007). Unique cultural norms and values lead Australian indigenous population to such problems as sexually transmitted diseases and alcoholism. The lack of HIV/AIDS education, prevention, and quality care on reservations has encouraged Australian indigenous population to migrate from reservations to urban areas. Indigenous population is similar to that of society at large, with men representing 82.6 percent of the cases and men who have sex with men constituting the largest segment of Australian indigenous AIDS cases, 5%. The second largest exposure category for male adult/adolescents is men who have sex with men and inject drugs, 17%. Since males account for the largest portion of AIDS cases for Australian indigenous population, and men and women who have sex with men make up the main exposure category, it is critical that we focus our attention on this population to stop the further spread of HIV/AIDS in tribal communities (Indigenous Health 2007). Lack of understanding and discriminatory treatment of two-spirit men creates an environment where HIV/AIDS can spread unimpeded. Knowledge of gender and sexual variance in indigenous societies is limited, but what is known is that some tribal communities had more than male and female genders and participated in a variety of sexual orientations (Australian Indigenous 2007). Poor health is closely connected with dietary patterns and crop technologies. In this case, diet represents "a product of human learning" which helps a person to organize his/her experience, including experience of other people (Briscoe 2005). For centuries, Australian indigenous population follows specific dietary patterns determined by cultivation practices and natural resources available to them. Critics admit that lack of minerals and vitamins is the main problem of many indigenous populations including the atrocious health. "Calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, nickel, manganese, cobalt and selenium are

MA Proposal - Packaging design and consumer behavior Essay

MA Proposal - Packaging design and consumer behavior - Essay Example Socially responsibility in the packaging function began to appear about a hundred years ago. The post World War II era brought social and global awareness of the need to protect the natural resources of the planet. In North America an ecological movement in the 1960’s triggered new social responsibility corporate strategies to meet the needs of the customers. The United Kingdom has been in the forefront of eco-design since the 1990’s (Wooton). This report on the packaging industry is divided into five sections which are sustainable packaging, the effects of colors on packaging design, industry cases, packaging content & modeling, and a conclusion. Sustainable packaging is a business practice that creates packaging products with materials that are renewable, utilize renewable energy, and are manufactured in a socially responsible manner to promote environmental health (Sustainable Packaging). Packaging design training initiatives required package designers to work with all types of materials types and structures to gain insight to understand the basic of structural and graphic design for the environment (Packaging Strategies Offers Workshop 4). Walt-Mart applied the utilization of green packaging sustainable solutions as part to measure if the solution can accomplished the company’s long term savings goals. The firm developed a new performance metric to measure the progress towards achieve a 5% saving reduction by the year 2013, while continuing its environmentally friendly sustainable packaging strategy (Orango, 62). Data in field of marketing research demonstrates that over 80 per cent of the impact related to attracting the visual senses of a customer is related to color schema (Morton). The design process must consider ethnic factors in the selection of colors for packaging in international markets since colors are interpreted in different

(whatever you want) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

(whatever you want) - Essay Example But the 21st century may see the end of this global system. The peripheral regions have been exploited, and new powers and systems are rising up to challenge the established order, namely religious fundamentalism and the failed state. With a lack of new regions to exploit, the primacy of the United States will wane as these other competing powers gain momentum. In the article, â€Å"In U.S. Visit, Brown to Urge ‘New Deal’†, (Sullivan, 2009) we read of Prime Minister Tony Brown’s visit to the United States to visit President Barak Obama. They are there to discuss the global financial crisis that their countries find themselves in. They pledged to cooperate with the other Group of 20 (G-20) countries that have all seen considerable amounts of capital and supposed wealth disappear over the past year. This article exemplifies this theory because the whole meeting is concerned with returning the global economy to a status quo, namely the continuation of concentration of capital in the United States and the other strongly capitalistic countries of the world. Talk centered exclusively on stimulating the economies of the G-20 nations while nations on the fringe of the core capitalistic nations were

Policy Development & Evaluation 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Policy Development & Evaluation 2 - Essay Example m in minimizing rent loss through reducing length of the void period and void repair costs; set in place systems to monitor the standards of void properties and resident satisfaction with their new homes. The strategy will ensure that the residents are aware of their repair responsibilities and end of tenancy obligations. The strategy will be used in conjunction with the most recent housing needs survey and allocations policy to ensure that the property is well used and in such a way that meets local demand in a fair and equitable way. The aims of this strategy will be achieved by collaborating with the residents. Rental housing is the main shelter for low-income and middle-income earners. This is due to the fact that buying a home or a house is very expensive and beyond the reach of such people in the society. This therefore makes such people to live in affordable rental houses which they can pay at the end of the month or the period agreed between the resident/tenant and the owner of the property which is the house. Here are a number of factors which contribute to tenants or residents leaving the building and moving to another building to seek shelter. This leads to the property being empty and therefore losses are incurred due to lack of rental income. The recent economic downturn in the past few years has shown that many people are moving from home ownership to renting houses. This has been as a result of several factors such as: low income, increased rate of unemployment, inflation and hard economic times. A good example is the American economic situation which resulted in horrific conse quences for the mortgage industry. According to Rebecca Cohen, Keith Wardrip, and Laura Williams in their article, Rental Housing Affordability – A Review of Current Research, the drastic increase in renters in American society has resulted in 21.3 million more renters between the years of 2004 to 2007. This has led to the need for sufficient rental properties. Minimizing

Team Policy Analysis Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Team Policy Analysis Paper - Essay Example By submitting to the law, it nullifies the chances of the offenders to be served justice by the society, which usually leads to death or suicide, and justice is served (Emanuel, 2007). Deterrence simply implies to imposing heavy penalties on the offender to discourage other members of the society to take part in criminal activities (Scaros, 2004). When the members in the society see the measures taken to curb the social injustices, they will cease to act unlawfully. According to Emanuel (2007), rehabilitation is aimed at transforming a criminal into a morally upright citizen, in the society, by ensuring their code of conduct is impeccable. This will enable the offender to be able to live normally with others. Incapacitation refers to quarantine of the offender (Scaros, 2004). This is usually achieved through sentences passed by the court of law of imprisonment. The offender is to stay away in solitude and reflect on his actions. Finally, restoration refers to the justice of the victim. It aims at making the victims continue with life as it was before a crime was committed against them. When the justice system fails in its criminal prevention activities, intensively monitored parole, probations and electronic monitoring, all these things, people, hence lose faith in them. Scaros (2004) says that the chronology of mankind is driven by a universal force of mob psychology. This means that people will act out simply because they know the judicial system is incapable of adhering to its duties. The law is implemented by the judicial system, and it works to prevent crime, protect the public, support victims of crime and help the offenders to get back on track (Emanuel, 2007). Criminal law entails all these. Laws were made to make us better citizens and for there to be order among us. When all the above have been avoided, and the same efforts to curb criminal activities