Importance Of Artificial Intelligence - 1156 Words

Title: Understanding Emotional Intelligence and its role in development of AI Introduction In 1983, Howard Gardener, an American psychologist proposed eight (originally seven) types of intelligences (Gardner, Howard, 1983, Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences). Emotional Intelligence was not one of the eight as it did not fulfill eight criteria set by Gardener which all intelligence must meet. It is interesting that Gardener gave interpersonal intelligence place in the list as it deals with other’s feelings, emotions, temperaments etc. If a person’s ability to deal with other’s emotions is an intelligence, it seems unreasonable to not grant a person’s ability to deal with his own moods, feelings, and emotions the status of†¦show more content†¦The results will also help us in creating a roadway towards a functioning model that explains relation between emotional intelligence and other forms of intelligence and if the supervision of emotional intelligence could affect the performance of interpersonal, intrapersonal, natur alistic, and existential intelligence. Questions that would be addressed 1. What is Intelligence? Before trying to determine the status of EI and possibility of AI, it is important to concretize the definition of intelligence or at least what does AI mean when talked about by AI developers, cognitive scientists, and philosophers of mind. 2. What is the role of intention in intelligence? Minsky had said: Without an intimate connection between our knowledge and our intentions, logic leads to madness, not intelligence. (Minsky, Marvin, 1986, The Society of Mind). I m very much inclined towards this proposition which makes me think that what we have achieved till now in the field of AI is not intelligence. It s a combination of behaviorism and functionalism 3. Why knowledgebase cannot replace emotional intelligence? Machines can simulate fear, they can act as if they are in pain, they can show affection but, for them all these actions are in no way different than playing a game of chess. They are just following aShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Artificial Intelligence1302 Words   |  6 PagesArtificial intelligence is the utilization of computers to imitate human brains in restricted domains. This is a consequence of developing computer which carry on logically, reason rationally and can adequately decipher its surroundings continuously in real time. Artificial Intelligence is no longer a fictionist concept, the superior computing prowess of artificial intelligence has enabled them to surpass humans in problem solving. They have made it conceivable to recreate complex activities thatRead MoreImportance Of Artificial Intelligence1409 Words   |  6 Pagesmost famous science fiction writers, artificial intelligence ( AI) is taking ro ot in our everyday lives† ( Science Fiction to Reality 1). Artificial Intelligence is a machinery which includes network and a probabilistic model. Artificial intelligence is the computer that can now spontaneously translate spoken and written conversation. It can also recognize and accurately cations photos, identify faces and can be your personal assistant. Artificial intelligence has specific technologies, like theRead MoreThe Importance Of Artificial Intelligence2225 Words   |  9 Pagesthe 21st century, especially the artificial intelligence (AI). According to Stanford (2016) mentioned that the artificial intelligence (AI) is a science and a set of computational technologies that are inspired by—but typically operate quite differently from—the ways people use their nervous systems and bodies to sense, learn, reason, and take action. Since the first artificial intelligence in 1956, and with the development and progress of artificial intelligence, it is aff ected in many sectorsRead MoreThe Importance Of Artificial Intelligence2186 Words   |  9 Pagesthe 21st century, especially the artificial intelligence (AI). According to Stanford (2016) mentioned that the artificial intelligence (AI) is a science and a set of computational technologies that are inspired by—but typically operate quite differently from—the ways people use their nervous systems and bodies to sense, learn, reason, and take action. Since the first artificial intelligence in 1956, and with the development and progress of artificial intelligence, it is affected in many sectorsRead MoreThe Importance Of Artificial Intelligence In The Military1524 Words   |  7 PagesAs humanity becomes more technologically advanced, the development of artificial intelligence for specific fields of work is becoming more prevalent. One of these fields where artificial intelligence (AI) is beginning to grow rapidly is in the military. All branches of the military are begi nning to develop and implement AI on the battlefront in order to replace human soldiers. However, the use of AI to perform life and death decisions is a highly debated over topic. The morals and ethics behindRead MoreRationalism vs. Irrationalism1607 Words   |  7 Pagesrationalistic perspecive we observe the mind as active, the emotions passive, and the notion that no material thing can cause an nonmaterial idea; however from the viewpoint of irrationality I will prove that: 1) Emotion is in fact not passive and 2) Intelligence can be created materially. Before going into detail on irrationalism I wish to explore the rationalistic perspective. The rationalist tends to believe in the existence of truths that could not be discovered through the senses alone,Read MoreFuture Of Life : Thanks With Artificial Intelligence1451 Words   |  6 PagesFuture of Life: Thanks to Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence is soon to be a massively important and relevant part of our future. I have no doubt about it, and knowing this... I began my research simply wanting to know more about AI and it’s current and speculative uses and capabilities. I wanted to know how we planned to accommodate for the biggest change our species has ever experienced, I wanted to find out how legislature would adapt, how research would spring up, how productionRead MoreArtificial Intelligence Essay1008 Words   |  5 Pagesworld. We’ll be their butlers soon enough.†(Brain Quote) Artificial Intelligence is the development of computer systems that normally require human intelligence. This (Artificial Intelligence) has lead to countless short-term positives such as â€Å"improving the speed, quality, and costs of available goods and services (Karsten and West 1). (This being said from the Brooking institution) However, as businesses continue to use Artificial Intelligence to inc rease extra goods and make more money, they willRead MoreEssay on The Turing Test1426 Words   |  6 Pages One of the hottest topics that modern science has been focusing on for a long time is the field of artificial intelligence, the study of intelligence in machines or, according to Minsky, â€Å"the science of making machines do things that would require intelligence if done by men†.(qtd in Copeland 1). Artificial Intelligence has a lot of applications and is used in many areas. â€Å"We often don’t notice it but AI is all around us. It is present in computer games, in the cruise control in our cars and theRead MoreArtificial Intelligence Essay924 Words   |  4 Pagesthese problems. The study of Intelligent Systems, often called â€Å"artificial intelligence† (AI), uses computation as a medium for simulating human perception, cognition, reasoning, learning, and action. In the case of artificial intelligence, the first thing that usually comes to mind is that AIs are convenient for mankind. It makes life much easier having the artificial intelligent systems to do peoples works. Having artificial intelligence around not only cuts the tasks in half, but also it saves lots

The Biggest Myth About How to Write a Leadership Essay about Yourself Examples Exposed

The Biggest Myth About How to Write a Leadership Essay about Yourself Examples Exposed A Secret Weapon for How to Write a Leadership Essay about Yourself Examples As you have observed, these are merely a few of many things a writer can write about. When you've collected all of your ideas, remember to revisit them and discard the ones which seem useless. You're able to write about whatever you want, but do make sure it's a top quality article. One of the greatest ways to compose a hook is to begin at the climax of your story. Leadership development is an ongoing approach. IT leadership theory Learn the way to be an IT leader which gets results. It is a common and quite simple word but rather very difficult word to define due to its complexity and multifaceted composition. Leadership and management aren't synonymous. Leadership doesn't have anything to do with titles. You most likely will not feel safe or comfortable at the start. Sorry if you're searching for a dictiona ry type leadership definition! Get the actual story about small small business grants here. Hearsay, Lies and How to Write a Leadership Essay about Yourself Examples It is possible to lead from a location of power (for example when you're able to fire an employee) or you're able to lead from an area of inspiration (where people do what you ask since they believe in you and your mission). If you plan far enough ahead, you're going to be able to get lots of feedback from your loved ones, friends, and teachers, also. An excellent leader doesn't sit back and observe what's happening, but rather they need to be the one making the decisions and making certain that the remainder of the team sees them through. For instance, a loss leader is a product that's priced intentionally below cost inorder to acquire folks to the store in order that they wil spend money on other things. What's Truly Going on with How to Write a Leadership Essay about Yourself Examples Another critical quality of a superior manager is humility as it depicts how they understand and assess the scenario. It is necessary for a leader to have the ability to communicate effectively with everyone on the team whatsoever times. Remember which you don't need to be someone's superior to be a leader. A great leader must also make sure he or she not only communicates the proper info to the team, but in addition that everybody understands it. The outline needs to be made in accordance to the significance of the suggestions and arguments that you'd be incorporating in GED essay writing. Writing an autobiography to send with your college application can be rather easy when you know what things to write and the way to write it. In an effort to stick out among your classmates and receiving good grades, you will need to be certain that the topic you will write about is interesting enough to impress your professor. There are a number of GED essay topics supplied to the students in GED essay writing exams which make it challenging to manage. Whatever They Told You About How to Write a Leadership Essay about Yourself Examples Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why In the duration of delivering, organizational or group's activities, a superb manager has to exercise a high degree of control and motivation for all of the participants involved. The secret to all kinds of synthesis is precisely the same. There's a biological foundation for feelings that we experience each and every moment. In medicine, as soon as a person developed sickness, doctors attempt to seek out its root cause. What You Need to Do About How to Write a Leadership Essay about Yourself Examples If you wish to deepen in the essay topic, you can select a few other sources with detailed details on your essay topic. While writing the essay you should be certain that your essay is totally free from all kinds of errors including grammatical or spelling in order to save your time in the revision practice. Your essay has to be planned in the manner it has a coherent and logical structure. The essay outline can help you place your thoughts with each other, and have a crystal clear idea about what the essay ought to be all about. Leadership offers direction for an organization. It is very important in the life of an organization. It is something that can be explored endlessly. At a very high level, it is defined by the ability of a person to motivate and inspire a group of people to achieve a common set objective. Whatever They Told You About How to Write a Leadership Essay about Yourself Examples Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why If you've selected leadership as the region of your research but can't choose the particular topic or the way to begin selecting then here are a couple topics to help you begin. So, you should sweat a bit and gather relevant details on your essay topic and pick out the materials that will arrive in handy. It's important to get the appropriate amount of data in your a rticle. Off topic information shouldn't be found in any respect. The 5-Minute Rule for How to Write a Leadership Essay about Yourself Examples One of the greatest approaches to handle such a crucial responsibility is by way of creativity and proper judgement. Managerial competence Too several organizations attempt to create leaders from those that are simply great at their jobs. Without them, leaders find it impossible to fulfill their complete potential. Good leaders can communicate in a manner that others can engage with. A fundamental comprehension of leadership can help you to answer leadership interview questions successfully. You will truly feel the identical pride of satisfaction. There's no ideal style of leadership. One of the one most important facets of a fantastic leader is dependability. One of the absolute most important qualities of a great leader is they will need to actually be well prepared to lead. Although an individual is going to have simple leadership style a fantastic comprehension of the typical manners of leadership makes it possible for the maturation of the fashion of leadership that effectively fits the conditions. When describing the best features of a superior leader, there are essential skills a fantastic manger should portray.

Should Kids Have A Summer Break - 994 Words

Bailey Kuhnert Mrs. Misselhorn 5th Hour Language Arts 24 March, 2017 Should Kids Have a Summer Break? Can you imagine going to an all year round –school? It must be horrible. You would have to go to school all year with short breaks in-between quarters. You couldn’t go on vacation, you couldn’t do activities, and summer is for family memories and its tradition. So why would we change tradition to go to school all year. Here are reasons why we shouldn’t apply to an all year round –schools. The first reason why kids should have summer beak is because the scheduling of activities would be difficult. According to Matt Tait, it is hard for schools share gyms with other sports. As well as, it will be hard to get gyms and make team meetings†¦show more content†¦Most of the teachers also want to get summer jobs for more money. Teachers also just want to get away from the students (and it’s the other way around too). Also, mothers that are teachers cannot spend time with their kids in school because they will be teaching (Nair), you couldn’t go on vacations. This is another example why having all year round –school is not the best idea. The third reason why we shouldn’t have all year round –schools is because, its tradition to have 180 day’s strait with 3 months of breaks and it gives us more important things to do in the summer. According to Julia Sines, to have a 3-month summer and do more fun activities to do all summer is better than going to school year round. Kids want to go on vacations with their parents. Some athletic kids won’t be able to play travel sports. Scientist say that year round school kids drop out by their senior year (Sines). Most juniors and seniors work in the summer for money for colleges and to save up, but they won’t be able to get money. It’s more American to have 180 straight days with 3-month break. Billee Bussard stated, â€Å"It is an idea that has been tried and failed for more than 100 years,† (Sines). So talking to that quote, why would we start now. Kids love going outside and swimming and playing games and making money, but because the kids go to year round schools they only have 3 weeks to do these funShow MoreRelatedShould Kids Go At A Year Round School?912 Words   |  4 PagesTabitha Serr Mrs. Misselhorn 7th Hour Language Arts 29 March 2017 â€Å"Should Kids Go to a Year Round School?† When I return to school after summer, I always struggle to remember anything from the months before. For this reason, I personally think kids should go to a year round school. Moreover, kids shouldn’t have such a long summer vacation. Students should go to a year-round school for more intersessions throughout the year, so they have less stress, it will be easier to remembering what they learnedRead MoreWhy Year Round School Is More Harm Than Good978 Words   |  4 PagesChildren Need Summer Break Students look forward to getting out of school for summer. They count down the last few days until the bell rings on that last day and they are out for summer break. They get so excited to be able to go on vacations, spend more time reading, visiting family, and of course, sleeping in. Children also look forward to going back to school after summer break. They are so excited for the first day of class that they have to get all new school supplies. They wake up extraRead MoreEssay on Year Round Schooling Gets an F-752 Words   |  4 Pagesschool days except the traditional summer break is exchanged for smaller breaks throughout the year. Although this method is supposed to boost students learning and intelligence it is actually not all that it is cracked up to be. Year Round Schooling essentially causes more harm than good because it does not benefit the students at all, it is a major expense to the school community, and it takes away the value of the summer break. So the questio n remains: should we have Year Round Schools adopted intoRead MoreGraduation Speech : Year Round Schooling1635 Words   |  7 Pageshundred and eighty days with small breaks in between and a three-month break during summer to ease students’ minds and let them relax. The Board of Education should make all schools in the United States year-round to increase educational time and decrease the loss of knowledge over the breaks. It gives students the same time to relax and plan family vacations periodically throughout the year, but never creates the stress of changing sleep schedules that summer break changes. Not only is it a goodRead MoreAmerican School Districts Should Implement A Longer School Year1246 Words   |  5 Pages Presently there has been progressively more debate over whether or not American school districts should implement a longer school year. This would mean taking a month away from summer vacation, which is regularly over two months. It is controversial because some argue that it would take away from family time and that school districts simply cannot afford to do it. Although most children would prefer more vacation time, a longer school year would tremendously benefit them in the imminent futureRead MoreEssay on Should Summer Break Be Changed or Banished?1389 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Should Summer Break be Changed or Banished?† Do you ever get stressed over work from school or your job? Well, that is why breaks and vacations are so important. Stress is pressure or tension applied to a material object. When people have stress or are stressed, they do not need to worry about it, stress is a normal physical response to events that make you feel threatened or upset your balance in some way. Stress is your body’s way of protecting you. When working properly, it helps you stay focussedRead MoreShould General Education School Continue Year Around?1190 Words   |  5 PagesShould General Education School Continue Year Around? From the early 1900’s through today, America society as a whole has embraced the nine month general education school year. As we progress into the future, we need to look for more efficient ways to educate the general populous. When we initially went to a nine month school year, there were a multitude of reasons. As we look at the reasons why we began to utilize a nine month school schedule, we need to consider both the advantages and disadvantagesRead MoreYear Round School Essay1252 Words   |  6 Pagesanticipated summer vacation making it much shorter than usual. Long summer breaks are a cherished culture for some families, as it is a perfect occasion for relations to spend time together since both the parents and students have a sufficient amount of time off. During the mid-year breaks [i.e. March Break], many parents do not have the time because they are still at work. However, if summer vacation is shortened, parents can no longer use all their free time to spend wit h their kids because theRead MoreEssay about Year Round School1235 Words   |  5 Pagesanticipated summer vacation making it much shorter than usual. Long summer breaks are a cherished culture for some families, as it is a perfect occasion for relations to spend time together since both the parents and students have a sufficient amount of time off. During the mid-year breaks [i.e. March Break], many parents do not have the time because they are still at work. However, if summer vacation is shortened, parents can no longer use all their free time to spend with their kids because theRead MoreEssay On Year Round School722 Words   |  3 Pages Year round schooling should be a thing. The time we leave school and go back to school is crazy now we get about a month off and when we leave we forget everything we have learned the past year. Its preposterous and repetitive, why forget everything we learned and struggle to relearn it when we could just stay in school. Most kids are against it because they dont want to lose their summer vacation but when it comes down to it, youd get more time off and more breaks if you had year round schooling

Frankenstein, By Mary Shelley Essay - 1543 Words

The ability to create and destroy through the use of science is one of many driving forces that lead people to choose this field of study. Mary Shelley creates a thought-provoking storyline through the eyes of scientist Victor Frankenstein in her novel Frankenstein, who experiences these driving forces. In her world-known novel the scientist fulfills his goals of giving life to a spirit-less body, playing God. Shortly after, he becomes frightened of the creature he created, making him flee his home. In doing so, the monster leaves the home and kick-starts a bloody journey of attacking his family as revenge for the lack of compassion and love he received from his creator. After the death of his youngest brother, William, and the wrongful conviction of a family friend, Victor Frankenstein is forced to protect his family and friends by trying to end the life of his creation. The purpose of Shelley’s writing is to reveal the dark workings inside the human mind. She uses this s tory to display a new writing style, describe the influence science can have on the mindset of scientists, and the disturbing outcomes that can occur with its use. Shelley, by using science within her novel, lays the foundation for a new genre of writing: science fiction. Science fiction is based on future scientific or technological advances, and is the relationship between science and the future (Dictionary.com). Her main character, Victor Frankenstein, becomes obsessed with science at a young age.Show MoreRelatedFrankenstein, By Mary Shelley1650 Words   |  7 Pagesbook of Frankenstein does one just think of a mythical science fiction book that really has no meaning? Frankenstein can have numerous meanings depending on how a person perceives it. Frankenstein can be analyzed into many themes; some say religion, feminism, or scientific symbolization, it all depends on ones own perception. When one analyzes further into Mary Shelly’s life and then interprets the novel it i s obvious that is a sociological theme. One can simply assume that Mary Shelley creates FrankensteinRead MoreFrankenstein by Mary Shelley1093 Words   |  4 Pagesfaster than man can contend with. That argument is the premises, moral, and plot base for Mary Shelleys tale Frankenstein. On the other hand, J. Michael Bishops, essay Enemies of Promise   on the other hand promotes and boast sciences achievements. However, Mary Shelley presents her point of view subtly yet very dramatically, which is much more effective than that of J. Michael Bishop. The dramatic story Shelley creates becomes a part of the reader, therefore holding the readers attention. ShelleysRead MoreMary Shelley Frankenstein859 Words   |  4 Pages Mary Shelley The Creature in Mary Shelley’s â€Å"Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus† needs a companionship as every ordinary human. Every man needs a woman, who will able to share moments of happiness and sadness, a woman who will be able to share thoughts and of course a woman who will be able to love a man. In this case the Creature needs a bride. But the problem is that the Creature from the â€Å"Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus† is not a human. SoRead MoreFrankenstein, by Mary Shelley1138 Words   |  5 PagesIs Frankenstein a man, whose ambition led to a disaster; or a monster, which created a life with disregard for the human race? Frankenstein, in my opinion, was the monster not the life that he had created. Frankenstein never admitted to his family what he had done, never admitted responsibility for his actions. He might as well have killed Elizabeth, William, Justine, and Clerval with his own hand. The so called â€Å"Monster† only wanted companionship; he did not want to murder those people. TheRead MoreFrankenstein, By Mary Shelley1325 Words   |  6 PagesI have been informed that you are pushing to remove the book Frankenstein by Mary Shelley from the school curriculum. I’ve decided to write to you and explain why I believe that you are misinformed, and in fact, why this is a huge importance to the students of today. Frankenstein is a classic which recounts the life and horrors of Victor Frankenstein, as told through a series of letters and narrations. His obsession with the natural world and science brings him to a state of mind which ultimatelyRead MoreFrankenstein, By Mary Shelley1580 Words   |  7 PagesFrankenstein by Mary Shelley is a sci-fi novel written during the Romantic Movement in Britain’s early nineteenth century. The movement was stimulated by the French Revolution, Industrial Revolution and in reaction against the emphasis on reason in eighteenth-century Enlightenment philosophy (The Romantic Movement, 2014 ). Mary Shelley’s husband, Percy Shelley was also a romantic poet during the movement. Shelley’s novel is evidently influenced by her relationship with her husband, which is illustratedRead MoreFrankenstein by Mary Shelley739 Words   |  3 Pagesinterconnections of humanity, nature, and divinity (â€Å"Romanticism 1†). English Romanticism being trendy in Europe, people would vent their outlooks onto their personal fiction works such as Mary Shelley. Shelley uses vivid creativity and romantic elements to create one of her admired novels, Frankenstein. In Shelley’s novel, Frankenstein, most of the characters prove their compassion for mankind, prove their rejection of technology and science, and prove their involvement in a romantic quest. These several characteristicsRead MoreFrankenstein, By Mary Shelley1040 Words   |  5 Pages In 1818, a book titled Frankenstein was published anonymously, mysteriously dedicated to William Godwin, a prominent journal ist and political philosopher of his time. The immediate reviews of the novel were mixed, most edging towards critical, although no one knew who the book was written by. However, while Frankenstein failed to gain popularity immediately, no one had any idea the lasting impact this novel would have on the world. Despite the lukewarm reception at its debut, it soon proved to beRead MoreFrankenstein, by Mary Shelley1078 Words   |  5 PagesMary Shelley’s Frankenstein has undoubtedly withstood the test of time. Frankenstein’s direct association with fundamental Gothic literature is extremely renowned. However, the novel’s originality is derived from the foundational thematic values found within the relationship (or lack there of) between Victor Frankenstein and the monster he had created, in combination with a fascinatingly captivating plot. Understandably, Frankenstein can often be associated with a multitude of concepts; however,Read MoreFrankenstein, By Mary She lley1532 Words   |  7 PagesLike any author, especially one who created a new genre, there will be criticism, and Shelley is no exception. Shelley received criticism surrounding Frankenstein not only because she was a female writer, but because of her writing style. Originally, Frankenstein was published anonymously and was thought that her husband, Percy Shelley, wrote it (â€Å"Mary Shelley Biography† 2016). Shelley may have published Frankenstein anonymously because â€Å"’women understood that they got a â€Å"better hearing† if it was thought

Incorporating Sustainability Issues into the Financial Accounting

Question: Discuss about the Incorporating Sustainability Issues into the Financial Accounting Curriculum. Answer: Introduction This report intends to provide a critical analysis of the article Incorporating Sustainability Issues into the Financial Accounting Curriculum written by Daniel L. Haskin and Megan M. Burke accessed from American Journal of Business Education. In this context, the report includes summary of article, discussion about its strengths and weakness, its implications in the accounting profession and relevance of the article in the financial accounting theory. At last, the report provides recommendations of the given financial accounting issue in the article and summarizes all the key points of the critique in the conclusion section. Summary of Article The article has discussed and emphasized the importance of sustainability reporting in the financial accounting field. The increasing significance of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) and sustainability in the accounting settings is discussed in detail in the article. This is done through discussing the history of CSR and the importance of sustainability accounting. This is followed by discussing the development of Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) that has lead to the development of a conceptual framework that has lead to the development of standard guidelines for business entities to adopt sustainability reporting (Haskin and Burke, 2016). Critical Analysis of Article: Strengths of Published Article The article is highly relevant in the sense that it has helped in providing an understanding of the necessity of incorporating sustainability reporting in financial accounting for promoting long-term growth and development of business entities. The article has depicted that the introduction of the concept of Sustainability Accounting for disclosing non-financial information related to society, environment and economic performance of a business entity to its stakeholders. The article has depicted that adoption of sustainability accounting practices are highly necessary for a business entity to promote its sustainable development and growth. The concept of financial accounting only focuses on providing information related to the profitability of a business entity and ignores completely its non-financial objectives (Bebbington et al., 2014). Thus, the article has reflected that the main aim of incorporating sustainability accounting is to provide recognition to the non-financial objecti ves of a business entity. The article has also illustrated the role of Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) for integrating sustainability reporting practices within the financial accounting settings. Thus, the article has incorporated all the necessary information that is relevant for providing an understanding of the significance of sustainability accounting for business entities. Therefore, the main strength of the article is enriched qualitative information relating to the accounting concept of Sustainability Accounting for depicting its relevance in contemporary accounting. Also, the article is easy to understand with providing precise and relevant information relating to the research topic (Haskin and Burke, 2016). Weaknesses of the published article The article though proves to be quite advantageous in providing an insight into the contemporary accounting concept of sustainability reporting is also associated with some weaknesses. The major weakness of the selected research article is that it is purely subjective in nature and thus lacks objectivity. The research study lacks the collection of quantitative information and thus lacks practical evidence in support of theoretical arguments presented. The article relies only on the collection of theoretical information gathered through the secondary data analysis. The secondary data is collected from peer reviewed journals and article s but it has not emphasized on gathering practical data for providing a valid conclusion. Therefore, the research article lacks credibility and validity in the eyes of readers and thus its applicability in future accounting researches is limited. Also, the research article is not well-structured and thus lacks sequential flow of information. The researc h article lacks a proper format that can cause the lack of interests in readers. Thus, all these limitations have impacted the usefulness of the selected research article in future context (Haskin and Burke, 2016). Implications to the Accounting Profession The accounting profession is associated with undergoing continuous changes due to ongoing developments in the regulatory environment of accounting. The accounting profession needs to respond immediately to changes in the market situations for meeting the needs and demands of stakeholders of a business entity (Hopwood et al., 2010). As such, the introduction of the concept of sustainability accounting into the accounting field is associated with major implications for the accounting profession. The professional accounting bodies such as IASB (International Accounting Standards Board) have pointed about the trend of sustainability accounting that accountants need to possess adequate knowledge for promoting sustainable growth of a business enterprise (Sustainability: The Role of Accountants, 2004). The published research article is highly relevant in this regard as it has provided adequate knowledge to the accounts about the concept and increasing importance of Sustainability Accounting in accounting profession. This is necessary for accountants to abide by the mandatory rules and standards developed by international accounting bodies such as SASB relating to sustainability accounting and reporting. The accountants can gain pertinent information relating to the reporting of sustainability, its importance and its benefits for promoting societal and environmental development of a business entity. The changing expectations of a business entity stakeholders relating to the responsible attitude towards society and environment is important for accountants to meet their needs and demands effectively (Herz, 2016). Thus, in this regard, the selected research article has high significance for the accounting profession for gaining knowledge about the wide-range of sustainability related issues and develops financial reports as per the standard guidelines provided by conceptual framework of SASB (Haskin and Burke, 2016). Relevance to Financial Accounting Theory Financial accounting theory refers to the standard set of principles and conventions used in preparation and development of financial reports. The financial accounting theories are developed on the standard assumptions and guidelines provided by the conceptual framework of accounting. The main purpose of financial accounting theory is to disclose useful information to the end-users for critical business and economic decisions. The financial accounting theory states that information disclosed by a business entity must be relevant, reliable, comparable and consistent for meeting the stakeholders needs appropriately (Jones, 2015). As such, the published article is highly relevant for matching the standards principles of financial accounting theory. The article has emphasized that the main objective of financial accounting should not be limited only to maximize value for its shareholders but promote the overall development of all its stakeholders including its customers and community. Th erefore, in order to achieve reliability and transparency in financial reporting, the accounting field must incorporate the concept of sustainability that discloses all the facts and information related to the economic, social and environmental performance of businesses (Eccles, 2016). The financial accounting theories must incorporate the concept of sustainability so that financial reports are developed and presented as per the conceptual framework published by SASB (Sustainability Accounting Standards Board). The article has stated that the main objective of adopting sustainability in accounting is to help business entities for disclosing material, decision-useful information to the end-users. Therefore, the article is highly relevant to meet the standard principle and guidelines advocated by the financial accounting theory as the incorporation of sustainability will help in providing materialistic and useful information to the stakeholders (Haskin and Burke, 2016). Recommendations On the basis of the main arguments presented in the research article, it is recommended to businesses worldwide to adopt the principle of sustainability accounting during financial reporting. This is required to achieve transparency and authenticity in business operations by promoting stakeholder engagement. The incorporation of the concept of sustainability accounting will state the societal and environment development practices adopted by a business entity and thus strengthen its brand image on an international level. The developments of goodwill in the eys of stakeholders will increase the profitability and performance of a business entity leading to its sustainable growth and development (Freedman and Jaggi, 2010). It is recommended to business entities to integrate CSR and the sustainability issues in financial accounting as per the conceptual framework of SASB. The SASB works in co-operation with other international accounting bodies such as FASB (Financial Accounting Standards Board) and SEC (Securities Exchange Commission). Thus, abiding by the standards assumptions and conventions of SASB is essential for business entities worldwide for ensuring their long-term growth and successes as illustrated in the selected research article (Haskin and Burke, 2016). Conclusion It is concluded from the critical analysis of the research article that it has explored and examined a relatively new concept in accountings settings of sustainability reporting. The overall analysis of the article has inferred that sustainability reporting is now becoming an integral part of financial reporting in business entities to achieve sustainability through effective stakeholder engagement. The disclosure of important information about the impacts of business operations of society ad environment is essential for corporations to promote transparency. The stakeholders including customers and government can gain all the financial and non-financial information about a business entity performance. This will help a business entity to achieve customer satisfaction and support of government thus ensuring is long-term survival. References Bebbington, J., Unerman, J. and O'Dwyer, B. 2014. Sustainability Accounting and Accountability. Routledge. Eccles, B. 2016. What The World Needs Now: Sustainability Accounting Standards. [Online]. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/bobeccles/2016/05/03/what-the-world-needs-now-sustainability-accounting-standards/#4bda039074d8 [Accessed on: 7 May 2017]. Freedman, M. and Jaggi, B. 2010. Sustainability, Environmental Performance and Disclosures. Emerald Group Publishing. Haskin, D.L. and Burke, M.M. 2016. Incorporating Sustainability Issues into the Financial Accounting Curriculum. American Journal of Business Education 9(2), pp.49-56. Herz, R. 2016. More Accounting Changes: Financial Reporting through the Age of Crisis and Globalization. Emerald Group Publishing. Hopwood, J. et al. 2010. Accounting for Sustainability: Practical Insights. Earthscan. Jones, S. 2015. The Routledge Companion to Financial Accounting Theory. Routledge. Sustainability: The Role of Accountants. 2004. [Online]. Available at: https://www.icaew.com/-/media/corporate/files/technical/sustainability/sustainability-the-role-of-accountants-2004.ashx?la=en [Accessed on: 7 May 2017].

Form and Malignant Form Essay Example For Students

Form and Malignant Form Essay Every type of human activity has a malignant equivalent. The pursuit of happiness, the accumulation of wealth, the exercise of power, the love of onequot;s self are all tools in the struggle to survive and, as such, are commendable. They do, however, have malignant counterparts: pursuing pleasures hedonism, greed and avarice as manifested in criminal activities, murderous authoritarian regimes and narcissism. What sets the malignant versions apart from the benign ones? Phenomenologically, they are difficult to tell apart. In which way is a criminal distinct from a business tycoon? Many will say that there is no distinction indeed. Still society treats the two differently and has set up separate social institution to accommodate these two human types and their activities. Is it merely a matter of ethical or philosophical judgement? I think not. The difference seems to lie in the context. Granted, the criminal and the businessman both have the same motivation at times, obsession: to make money. Sometimes they both employ the same techniques and adopt the same venues of action. But in which social, moral, philosophical, ethical, historical and biographical contexts do they operate? A closer examination of their exploits will expose the unbridgeable gap between them. The criminal acts only in the pursuit of money. He has no other considerations, thoughts, motives and emotions, no temporal horizon, no ulterior or external aims, no incorporation of other humans or social institutions in his deliberations. The reverse is true for the businessman. The latter is aware of the fact that he is part of a larger fabric, that he has to obey the law, that some things are not permissible, that sometimes he has to lose sight of moneymaking for the sake of higher values, institutions, or the future. In short: the criminal is a solipsist the businessman, an integrated person. The criminal one track minded the businessman is aware of the existence of others and of their needs and demands. The criminal has no context the businessman does. Whenever a human activity, a human institution, or a human thought is refined, purified, reduced to its bare minimum malignancy ensues. Leukaemia is characterized by the concentration of the bone marrow upon the production of only one category of blood cells the white ones while abandoning the production of others. Malignancy is reductionist: do one thing, do it best, do it more and most, compulsively pursue one course of action, one idea, never mind the costs. Actually, no costs can exist because the very existence of a context is ignored. Costs are brought on by conflict and conflict entails the existence of at least two parties. The criminal, for instance, pays none because he does not include in his weltbild the Other. The dictator doesnquot;t suffer because suffering is brought on by recognizing the other. The malignant forms are sui generis, they are dang am sich, they are categorical, they do not depend on the outside for their existence. Put differently: the malignant forms are functional but meaningless. Let us use an illustration to understand this dichotomy: In France there is a man who made it his lifequot;s mission to spit the furthest a human has ever spat. This way he will make it into the Guinness Book of Records GBR. After decades of training, he succeeded to spit to the longest distance a man has ever spat and was included in the GBR under miscellany. The following can be said about this man with a high degree of certainty: a. The Frenchman had a purposeful life in the sense that his life had a well-delineated, narrowly focused, and achievable target, which permeated his entire life and defined them. . He was a successful man in that he fulfilled his main ambition in life to the fullest. We can rephrase this sentence by saying that he functioned well. c. He probably was a happy, content and satisfied man as far as his main theme in life is concerned. d. He achieved significant outside recognition and affirmation of his achievements. e. This recognition and affirmation is not limited in time and place. In other words, he became part of history. But how many of us would say that he led a meaningful life? How many would be willing to attribute meaning to his spitting efforts? Not many. His life would look to most of us ridiculous and bereft of meaning. This judgement is facilitated by comparing his actual history with his potential or possible history. In other words, we derive the sense of meaninglessness partly from comparing his spitting career with what he could have done and achieved had he invested the same time and efforts differently. He could have raised children, for instance. This is widely considered a more meaningful activity. But why? What makes child rearing more meaningful than distance spitting? Nothing does but common agreement. No philosopher, scientist, or publicist can rigorously defend an argument in defence of a hierarchy of meaningfulness of human actions. There are two reasons for this inability: a. There is no connection between function functioning, functionality and meaning meaninglessness, meaningfulness. b. There are different interpretations of the word Meaning and, yet, people use them interchangeably, obscuring the dialogue. People often confuse Meaning and Function. When asked what is the meaning of their life they answer, using function-laden phrases. They say: This activity lends taste =one interpretation of meaning to my life, or: My role in this world is this and, once finished, I will be able to rest in pace, to die. They attach different magnitudes of meaningfulness to various human activities. Two things are evident: a. That people use the word Meaning not in its philosophically rigorous form. What they mean is really the satisfaction, even the happiness that comes with successful functioning. They want to live on when flooded by these emotions. They confuse this motivation to live on with the meaning of life. Form In Art EssayReligion is like that and so are most modern ideologies. Science tries to be different and sometimes succeeds. But humans are frail and frightened and they much prefer malignant systems of thinking because they give them the illusion of gaining absolute power through absolute, immutable knowledge. Two contexts seem to compete for the title of Master Context in human history, the contexts which endow all meanings, permeate all aspects of reality, are universal, invariant, define truth values and solve all moral dilemmas: the Ratio and the Affect emotions. We live in an age that despite its self-perception as rational is defined and influenced by the emotional Master Context. This is called Romanticism the malignant form of being tuned to onequot;s emotions. Romanticism is the assertion that all human activities are founded on emotions or emotionally directed. This relatively novel approach in historical terms has permeated human activities as diverse as politics, the formation of families and art. Families were once constructed on purely totalitarian bases. It was a transaction, really, involving considerations both financial and genetic. This was substituted during the 18th century by love as the main motivation and foundation. Inevitably, this led to the disintegration and to the metamorphosis of the family. To establish a sturdy social institution on such a fickle basis was an experiment doomed to failure. Romanticism infiltrated the body politic as well. All major political ideologies and movements of the 20th century had romanticist roots, Nazism more than others. Communism touted the ideals of equality and justice while Nazism was a quasi-mythological interpretation of history. Still, both were highly romantic movements. Politicians were and to a lesser degree today see the case of Prince Diana, are expected to be extraordinary in their personal lives or in their personality traits. Biographies are recast by image and public relations experts to fit this mould. Hitler was, arguably, the most romantic of all leaders, closely followed by other dictators and authoritarian figures. It is a clichAÂ © to say that we use politicians to re-enact our relationships with our parents. Politicians are patrician or merely father figures. But the Romanticist virus drove this transference mechanism into new troughs of infantilism. In politicians we want to see not the wise, level headed ideal father but our actual parents: capriciously unexpected, overwhelming, powerful, unjust, protecting and awe-inspiring. This is the romanticist view of leadership: anti-Webberian, anti bureaucratic, chaotic. And this set of predilections, later transformed to social dictates, had a profound effect on the history of the 20th century. Romanticism manifested itself in art through the concept of Inspiration. An artist had to have it in order to create. This led to a conceptual divorce between art and artisanship. As late as the 18th century, there was no difference between these two classes of creative people, the artists and the artisans. Artists accepted orders of commercial nature including delivery dates, prices, etc. His art was a product, almost a commodity and was treated as such by others examples: Michaelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Mozart, Goya, Rembrandt and thousands of artists of similar or lesser stature. The attitude was completely businesslike, creativity was mobilized in the service of the marketplace. Granted, artists used conventions more or less rigid, depending on the period to express emotions. They were trading emotional expressions where others were trading spices, or engineering skills. But they all were trading and were proud of their artisanship. Their personal lives were subject to gossip, condemnation or admiration but were not considered to be a precondition, an absolutely essential backdrop. The romanticist view of the artist painted him or more and more her into a corner. His life and art became inextricable. Artists were expected to transmute and transubstantiate their lives as well as the physical materials that they were dealing with. Living the kind of life, which is the subject of legends or fables became an art form, at times predominantly so. It is interesting to note the prevalence of romanticist ideas in this context: weltschmerz, passion, self destruction were considered fit for the artist. A boring artist would never sell as much as a romantically-correct one. Van Gogh, Kafka and James Dean epitomize this trend: they all died young, lived in misery, suffered self-inflicted pains and ultimate destruction or annihilation. To paraphrase Sontag, their lives became metaphors and they all suffered from the metaphorically correct physical and mental illnesses. Kafka developed tuberculosis the punishment as part of an on going trial, Van Gogh was mentally sick, James Dean died appropriately in an accident. In an age of social anomies, we tend to appreciate and rate highly the anomalous. Munch and Nietzsche will always be preferable to more ordinary but perhaps equally as creative people. Today there is an anti-romantic backlash divorce, the disintegration of the romantic nation-state, the death of ideologies, the commercialization and popularization of art. But this counter-revolution tackles the external, less substantial facets of Romanticism. Romanticism continues to thrive in the flourishing of mysticism, of ethnicity and of celebrity worship. It seems that Romanticism has changed vessels but not its cargo. We are afraid to face the fact that life is meaningless unless WE observe it, unless WE put it in context, unless WE interpret it. We feel burdened by this realization, afraid of making the wrong moves, using the wrong contexts, making the wrong interpretations. We understand that there is no constant, unchanged, everlasting meaning to life, and that it all really depends upon us. We denigrate this kind of meaning. A meaning that is derived by humans from human contexts and experiences is bound to be a very poor approximation to the TRUE meaning. It is bound to be asymptotic to the Grand Design. It might well be but this is all we have got and without it our lives will indeed prove meaningless.

Business Accounting And Financial Management-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Business Accounting And Financial Management? Answer: Introducation Based on the case study, it has been found out that Big Business Tobacco (BBT) is a large manufacturer of tobacco products in Australia and it is the leading firm in relation to sales of cigarettes. In addition, China has been identified as the progressing nation, in which the organisation could seek opportunity in diversifying its business for enhancing the overall sales margin. Due to this, a debate about the health-related warnings has taken place in relation to printing on the cigarette packs. Henceforth, the major stakeholders involved in the debate are discussed briefly as follows: Marketing manager: It has been identified that Mary Bender, the marketing manager of BBT, has been associated with designing the cigarette packs, which would be initiated in the market of Australia. In this regard, Jondle, Ardichvili and Mitchell (2014) advocated that it is of utmost need for the marketing manager of an organisation to assure the initiation of a specific product in the target market. However, Dinnie (2015) argued that if the marketing manager of an organisation lacks in relevant knowledge and pertinent skills, it might lead to loss of the overall sales revenue of the firm. From the perspective of the marketing manager of BBT, the primary business target is to ensure profits for raising the overall shareholders wealth. Hence, including health-related warning on the cigarette packs might minimise the projected volume of sales of the firm in the market of Asia. Public relations manager: As observed from the case study, Randall Hedges, the public relations manager of BBT, is involved in designing the packet of cigarettes along with collaborating with Mart Blender. However, the personnel has laid down a perspective, which has been contradictory with the proposed strategy of the marketing manager. In the words of Zadek, Evans and Pruzan (2013), one of the significant stakeholders of an organisation is the public relations manager, as the personnel could be able to monitor the planned activities related to the campaigns and tasks of publicity. From the perspective of Randall Hedges, it is necessary for BBT to include the health warning on the packets of cigarettes, since it is compulsory to comply with the Australian regulations. This because with the help of such display of health warning, the organisation could ensure progress in the long-run, as it would improve its disclosures related to corporate social responsibility and concern for the consumers. Normal health-related warning on the packet of cigarettes: It has been assessed from the provided case that the public relations manager associated with BBT has enhanced the issue related to health-warning message on the packet of cigarettes to be initiated in the market of Asia. In this context, Locke, Alcorn and ONeill (2013) remarked that adding such warning on the cigarette packs would enable in raising the brand image of BBT. Due to this, the customers could be made aware of the negative effects of smoking on their overall physical health. This would help in raising the corporate social responsibility of BBT as well (Weiss 2014). Based on the modern medical findings, it is anticipated that smoking would result in eventual death because of smoking in the future, particularly in the developing countries. This could be adjudged as the main ethical issue in the debate. Conformance to the legal needs: From the case study, it has been found out that the main objective of BBT is to enhance the profit margin, which would enable in increasing the shareholder value. Moreover, in accordance with the legislations of Australia, the addition of health-related warning on the packets of cigarettes is necessary for a tobacco producer for conducting the overall business operations. Even though such warning has no negative impact on the performance of the business and this has been evident over the period (Zhu, Sun and Leung 2014). On the other hand, if the health-related warning is taken into account in the packets of cigarettes in the Asian market, BBT might not be able to expand its market share. Instead, it might lose considerable market share in contrast to its competitors. However, it would take into account the same in relation of amendments to the laws of Asia. This would help the organisation to attract new investors for raising additional funds in order to improve the business operations further in the market. Moreover, such disclosure would help the organisation in winning the overall trust and confidence of all the stakeholders in the nation, which, in turn, would ensure steady future growth and progress of BBT in the market. Therefore, this could be considered as another ethical issue, which has been raised in the debate. References: Dinnie, K., 2015.Nation branding: Concepts, issues, practice. Routledge. Jondle, D., Ardichvili, A. and Mitchell, J., 2014. Modeling ethical business culture: Development of the ethical business culture survey and its use to validate the CEBC model of ethical business culture.Journal of Business Ethics,119(1), pp.29-43. Locke, T., Alcorn, N. and ONeill, J., 2013. Ethical issues in collaborative action research.Educational Action Research,21(1), pp.107-123. Weiss, J.W., 2014.Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Zadek, S., Evans, R. and Pruzan, P., 2013.Building corporate accountability: Emerging practice in social and ethical accounting and auditing. Routledge. Zhu, Y., Sun, L.Y. and Leung, A.S., 2014. Corporate social responsibility, firm reputation, and firm performance: The role of ethical leadership.Asia Pacific Journal of Management,31(4), pp.925-947.

Lester Thurow Lecture Essay Research Paper The free essay sample

Lester Thurow Lecture Essay, Research Paper The Economic Game of Our Era: U.S. Dominance Approaching to the twenty-first century, universe economic system becomes more and more planetary. In today? s life, several parts of an point can be made in different states and unified to bring forth an end product. Recognize a laptop whose processor is made in U.S, by Intel, whose screen is coming from Japan, Toshiba, and whose other assorted parts are coming either from Taiwan or from Korea. Lester C. Thurow, a professor of economic sciences and direction at the M.I.T, and the author of the book? Building Wealth? , considers this epoch as being the 3rd industrial revolution. He claims that this one differs from the former two industrial revolutions, in a manner that the first two revolutions were based on the capital and land. However, the 3rd revolution is based on the technological betterments such as computing machines, automatons etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Lester Thurow Lecture Essay Research Paper The or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page , and cognition. In the 2nd revolution that created national economic system, the chief thought was the? German Systematic Industrial Research? , research of land and capital. On the other manus, electricity that was invented during this epoch, created the modern life. The 3rd 1 has created planetary economic system. In each industrial revolution there had been a dominant state that leaded to the universe economic system. In the first revolution, the British leaded to that epoch. In the 2nd one, the dominant state had been Germany above the British. And eventually, in the late twentieth century, U.S. emerged as a universe power in the last industrial revolution. The inquiries to be asked are: How did U.S go the best in the industrial universe and what are the groundss of this strong laterality? . The success of U.S. in the industrial universe originates from state? s generic construction and ability to equilibrate control and chaos side. To get down with, America is doing the entrepreneurial occupations really good and this aspect allows U.S to play? the game of shutting-down and opening new 1s? successfully. For case, in 1981 AT A ; T was about interrupting and in the 1984, the company fired more than five 100 thousand people in order to cut its inordinate money flow. However, come ining twenty-first century, AT A ; T became one of the most strong telephone companies in the universe. Even if the company didn? t closure during 1980? s, they showed a important betterment in the industry. Additionally, when it comes to playing in a knowledge-based economic system, U.S. leads the industrial universe. For case, in Nevada gold production has doubled in the recent old ages. Of carbon monoxide urse, the ground is non a new-discovered gold modesty but the technological betterments. Nevada became the topographic point where 10 % of universe gold production takes topographic point. Not merely did those two generic construction of the state made U.S. a leader in the universe economic system but besides its ability to equilibrate control and pandemonium sides served America well. Sing Lester Thurow, equilibrating those two things are well of import. Because, in order to set the creativeness in economic usage, a state should equilibrate both pandemonium and command side. For case, the most originative state in the 2nd half of twentieth century was likely Russia. Writers like Tolstoy, Dostoyevsky, and Pushkin, artists such as Kandinsky, Tchaikovsky, and scientists like Pavlov, Mendeleev were grown up during this epoch. But everything was so helter-skelter and they couldn? T put this creativeness in economic usage. They could non equilibrate the line between the productiveness and order. And they had lost the game of engineering. However, U.S. engineering was non suppressed by order. Because state? s productiveness can provide the willing of society. As a effect, U.S. ? s laterality on the universe economic system has been a consequence of its generic construction like entrepreneurship and knowledge-based economic system, and of its right balance between pandemonium and command side. The groundss of this laterality go more clear after playing the game better than others. For illustration, the wealthiest adult male in the universe, Bill Gates, is from U.S. Today? s seven of the 25 biggest U.S. companies didn? t exist in the 1960? s but all of 25 biggest companies in Europe did be at these times. Another illustration, while there were merely two American houses among the universe? s ten largest in 1990, nine of those houses were American in 1998. Similarly in finance, in the 1990, none of the American Bankss was among the universe? s biggest 15, but at the 1998, nine of those were American. The last but non least, as Lester C. Thurow indicates, during the decennary of 1990? s $ 2 trillion will be added to the U.S. Gross domestic merchandise ( GDP ) . This sum is larger than GDP? s of all the states in the universe except Japan. So, it? s obvious that U.S. dominated universe economic system a small spot! Today, the name of the universe power is America. Its economic laterality on the universe is evidently the ground of this power. In a knowledge-based economic system, U.S. plays the game precisely as it should be. And as Lester C. Thurow references, the spread between U.S. and the other states becomes larger and larger.

Theorectical Bases For Counseling Essay Example For Students

Theorectical Bases For Counseling Essay Five major theoretical bases for counseling in psychology are biological, learning, cognitive, psychodynamic, and sociocultural. Each one of these perspectives searches for answers about behavior through different techniques and researching a clients childhood or adult life experiences looking for answers to different kinds of questions. Due to the different types and styles of counseling approaches, each counselor forms their own thoughts and explanations. The premise behind the biological perspective in psychology is that all actions, feelings, and thoughts are associated with different events in a persons life. Biological psychologists examine how the electrical impulses, hormones, and chemicals flowing through the body can affect behavior. We will write a custom essay on Theorectical Bases For Counseling specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Physocologists are concerned with how the aspects of biology effect peoples emotions and their perception of events. Many of the important findings in psychology from the behavioral theory later evolving into the social learning theory or cognitive social learning theory. Behavior therapists used to believe that actions were responses to stimuli that were learned. This concept led to a broadening of psychology. Many groups that were often overlooked by psychologists until behavior therapy became the dominant school of psychology in the U.S. after the 1960s. The cognitive perspective of psychology focuses on the thought process. Psychologists from this school argue that it is necessary to know what is going on in the mind to fully understand why a person will do the things that they do. The reason for cognitive psychology is to understand how perceptions and interpretations relate to behavior. Why some people turn to violence when insulted while another person will not. Many critics of the psychodynamic therapy do not believe psychodynamic theories have any bearing on psychology. Based upon the fact that many of the psychoanalysis assumptions could not be verified. Research psychologists were more related to philosophy rather than clinical science. Though not as scientific as the other theories the psychodynamic theory is still associated with psychology. The sociocultural perspective concentrates on an individuals culture or society rather than the individual. To understand why people show certain behavior traits. Psychologists look at what effects the persons community and how other people affect a person. These five theoretical bases are similar because they all try to determine what causes a person to be how they are. If I were to do counseling, I think I would like to become a behavior therapist. I am fascinated by what makes a person what they are, and why does a person do what they do? Where do personalities come from? It is said that personality does come from a specific point in a persons childhood, and from there it continues to grow. A counselor must first look at certain assumptions that are commonly made when developing a behavioral theory. The first of these assumptions concerns whether one believes that the behaviors, type of action, a person exhibits are produced by choices and decisions made beyond a clients own control. Everyone has the power to choose their actions no matter of the influence of heredity and environment. A persons actions are not predetermined. Someone who grew up in an abusive and alcoholic family may as an adult become abusive and alcohol dependant. But it can be assumed that people have free will. There is always the option for a person to make his or her own decisions. When our class went to visit a C.A. P.S. rehabilitation house last month, I was able to talk to some of the people that lived there and I learned that each of them did make their own choices. I also learned that they are using their ability to change their choices to better themselves and their environments. I was amazed to see that the people that lived there were people just like me. The difference is they chose to make different choices than I did. .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7 , .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7 .postImageUrl , .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7 , .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7:hover , .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7:visited , .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7:active { border:0!important; } .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7:active , .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7 .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uaf0e4e03eaa0f441846882a803391eb7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Muckrakers Essay Some chose drugs, alcohol and crime. Some made all of these choices and some didnt. I do feel that some choices are learning experiences that can give a person the choice to do better or worse. Words / Pages : 671 / 24 . Theorectical Bases For Counseling Essay Example For Students Theorectical Bases For Counseling Essay Five major theoretical bases for counseling in psychology are biological, learning, cognitive, psychodynamic, and sociocultural. Each one of these perspectives searches for answers about behavior through different techniques and researching a clients childhood or adult life experiences looking for answers to different kinds of questions. Due to the different types and styles of counseling approaches, each counselor forms their own thoughts and explanations. The premise behind the biological perspective in psychology is that all actions, feelings, and thoughts are associated with different events in a persons life. Biological psychologists examine how the electrical impulses, hormones, and chemicals flowing through the body can affect behavior. We will write a custom essay on Theorectical Bases For Counseling specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Physocologists are concerned with how the aspects of biology effect peoples emotions and their perception of events. Many of the important findings in psychology from the behavioral theory later evolving into the social learning theory or cognitive social learning theory. Behavior therapists used to believe that actions were responses to stimuli that were learned. This concept led to a broadening of psychology. Many groups that were often overlooked by psychologists until behavior therapy became the dominant school of psychology in the U.S. after the 1960s. The cognitive perspective of psychology focuses on the thought process. Psychologists from this school argue that it is necessary to know what is going on in the mind to fully understand why a person will do the things that they do. The reason for cognitive psychology is to understand how perceptions and interpretations relate to behavior. Why some people turn to violence when insulted while another person will not. Many critics of the psychodynamic therapy do not believe psychodynamic theories have any bearing on psychology. Based upon the fact that many of the psychoanalysis assumptions could not be verified. Research psychologists were more related to philosophy rather than clinical science. Though not as scientific as the other theories the psychodynamic theory is still associated with psychology. The sociocultural perspective concentrates on an individuals culture or society rather than the individual. To understand why people show certain behavior traits. Psychologists look at what effects the persons community and how other people affect a person. These five theoretical bases are similar because they all try to determine what causes a person to be how they are. If I were to do counseling, I think I would like to become a behavior therapist. I am fascinated by what makes a person what they are, and why does a person do what they do? Where do personalities come from? It is said that personality does come from a specific point in a persons childhood, and from there it continues to grow. A counselor must first look at certain assumptions that are commonly made when developing a behavioral theory. The first of these assumptions concerns whether one believes that the behaviors, type of action, a person exhibits are produced by choices and decisions made beyond a clients own control. Everyone has the power to choose their actions no matter of the influence of heredity and environment. A persons actions are not predetermined. Someone who grew up in an abusive and alcoholic family may as an adult become abusive and alcohol dependant. But it can be assumed that people have free will. There is always the option for a person to make his or her own decisions. When our class went to visit a C.A. P.S. rehabilitation house last month, I was able to talk to some of the people that lived there and I learned that each of them did make their own choices. I also learned that they are using their ability to change their choices to better themselves and their environments. I was amazed to see that the people that lived there were people just like me. The difference is they chose to make different choices than I did. .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89 , .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89 .postImageUrl , .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89 , .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89:hover , .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89:visited , .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89:active { border:0!important; } .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89:active , .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89 .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5d7f5578e69999dd307b6cebc3515e89:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: In Cold Blood Essay Some chose drugs, alcohol and crime. Some made all of these choices and some didnt. I do feel that some choices are learning experiences that can give a person the choice to do better or worse. .

Function of Human Resource professional in Staffing Essays

Function of Human Resource professional in Staffing Essays Function of Human Resource professional in Staffing Essay Function of Human Resource professional in Staffing Essay Function of Human Resource professional in Staffing Name: Institution: Course: : Instructor Date: Functions of Human Resource Professional in Staffing Staffing entails vast processes such as selection, recruitment as well as training the workforce to achieve organizational goals. The human resource department has the duty conferred to ensure the organization is continually staffed with the right number of skilled employees to attain strategic goals. This responsibility is shared between the line professionals and the human resource professionals where the later design the programs required to recruit the workers while operating professionals make the final decision regarding viability for hire (Caruth et al. 2009). One of the foremost functions of the human resource professional in staffing is aligning the process with organizational goals as well as objectives. This involves the professional coalescing with operational professionals to determine the staffing needs, the various job descriptions and vacancies. This procedure is normally referred to as human resource planning where metrics such as number of posts to duties are determined. A subsequent of this function is the recruiting function where the human resource professional determines means and location of persons with required skills (DuBrin 2009). Given the types of skills required, demand for certain skills varies. Thus, the professional will come up with approaches for attracting such skill bearers besides locating them. Additionally, the human resource professional ensures there are adequate resources for the process. In regards to the available resources such as time and money, various methods exist for the professional to chose. Fo r instance, employee referral is suitable for situations where there are financial impediments. The HR professional defines the boundaries of the staffing procedure to ensure legal aspects are observed in light of increasing legislative controls in staffing. This avoids future costs in lawsuits and legal complications. This is especially applicable in the selection process where the HR professional has the task of determining the best selection tool. The most widely used selection tool is interviewing where the applicants appear before individual or a panel of interviewers. The HR professional designs the performance appraisal systems in staffing while integrating input from operational managers. This procedure ensures feedback information regarding the effectiveness of previous stages of the staffing processes is obtained (DuBrin 2009). References: Caruth, D. L., Caruth, G. D., Pane, S. S. (2009). Staffing the contemporary organization: A guide to planning, recruiting, and selecting for human resource professionals. Westport, Conn: Praeger Publishers. DuBrin, A. J. (2009). Essentials of management. Mason, OH: Thomson Business Economics.

Free Essays on Filmography

This essay will compare race, gender and relationship views from two different decades, the 80’s and 90’s, as seen in typical American college settings. The first movie, Higher Learning, looks at romance, drama and social relationships in a multi-cultural university in the mid 90’s. The second movie, School Daze, deals with college life at an all black university in the late 80’s. We will compare how issues of race, class, and gender are dealt with in a racially diverse university in contrast to the predominately black university. We will analyze how sexist, racist and violent attitudes need to be addressed on American college campuses before real learning can take place. Higher Learning, starring Omar Epps, was produced by John Singleton and released in 1996. Throughout the movie the Singleton looks primarily at the college life of three individuals. The first, Malik (played by Epps), is a young black male from the inner city who made his way to college on an athletic scholarship for his outstanding abilities in track and field. The second character is Christine, played by Kristy Swanson, a young white female from the suburbs of Los Angeles. Finally, Remi played by Michael Rapaport, a young white male who comes from a low-income white family from the mid-west. The director, John Singleton, takes the viewers through the lives of these characters by given us an in-depth look at the social problems each face in this multi-cultural university. In School Daze, released in 1988, the director, Spike Lee, brings to light issues faced by African-Americans in the black college during the 1980’s. Viewers are introduced to students who participate in fraternities, sororities and others who are concerned with political issues. The main character Dap, played by Larry Fishburne, is an advocate for the growing problems in South Africa. Throughout the movie, he leads political rallies to get school officials to aid in the ... Free Essays on Filmography Free Essays on Filmography This essay will compare race, gender and relationship views from two different decades, the 80’s and 90’s, as seen in typical American college settings. The first movie, Higher Learning, looks at romance, drama and social relationships in a multi-cultural university in the mid 90’s. The second movie, School Daze, deals with college life at an all black university in the late 80’s. We will compare how issues of race, class, and gender are dealt with in a racially diverse university in contrast to the predominately black university. We will analyze how sexist, racist and violent attitudes need to be addressed on American college campuses before real learning can take place. Higher Learning, starring Omar Epps, was produced by John Singleton and released in 1996. Throughout the movie the Singleton looks primarily at the college life of three individuals. The first, Malik (played by Epps), is a young black male from the inner city who made his way to college on an athletic scholarship for his outstanding abilities in track and field. The second character is Christine, played by Kristy Swanson, a young white female from the suburbs of Los Angeles. Finally, Remi played by Michael Rapaport, a young white male who comes from a low-income white family from the mid-west. The director, John Singleton, takes the viewers through the lives of these characters by given us an in-depth look at the social problems each face in this multi-cultural university. In School Daze, released in 1988, the director, Spike Lee, brings to light issues faced by African-Americans in the black college during the 1980’s. Viewers are introduced to students who participate in fraternities, sororities and others who are concerned with political issues. The main character Dap, played by Larry Fishburne, is an advocate for the growing problems in South Africa. Throughout the movie, he leads political rallies to get school officials to aid in the ...

Plesiosaurs and Pliosaurs - The Sea Serpents

Plesiosaurs and Pliosaurs - The Sea Serpents Of all the reptiles that crawled, stomped, swam and flew their way through the Mesozoic era, plesiosaurs and pliosaurs have a unique distinction: practically no one insists that tyrannosaurs still roam the earth, but a vocal minority believes that some species of these sea serpents have survived down to the present day. However, this lunatic fringe doesnt include many respected biologists or paleontologists, as well see below. Plesiosaurs (Greek for almost lizards) were large, long-necked, four-flippered marine reptiles that paddled their way through the oceans, lakes, rivers, and swamps of the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. Confusingly, the name plesiosaur also encompasses the pliosaurs (Pliocene lizards, even though they lived tens of millions of years before), which possessed more hydrodynamic bodies, with bigger heads and shorter necks. Even the biggest plesiosaurs (such as the 40-foot-long Elasmosaurus) were relatively gentle fish-feeders, but the largest pliosaurs (such as Liopleurodon) were every bit as dangerous as a Great White Shark. Plesiosaur and Pliosaur Evolution Despite their aquatic lifestyles, its important to realize that plesiosaurs and pliosaurs were reptiles, and not fishmeaning they had to surface frequently to breathe air. What this implies, of course, is that these marine reptiles evolved from a terrestrial ancestor of the early Triassic period, almost certainly an archosaur. (Paleontologists disagree about the exact lineage, and its possible that the plesiosaur body plan evolved convergently more than once.) Some experts think the earliest marine ancestors of the plesiosaurs were the nothosaurs, typified by the early Triassic Nothosaurus. As is often the case in nature, the plesiosaurs and pliosaurs of the late Jurassic and Cretaceous periods tended to be bigger than their early Jurassic cousins. One of the earliest known plesiosaurs, Thalassiodracon, was only about six feet long; compare that to the 55-foot length of Mauisaurus, a plesiosaur of the late Cretaceous. Similarly, the early Jurassic pliosaur Rhomaleosaurus was only about 20 feet long, while the late Jurassic Liopleurodon attained lengths of 40 feet (and weighed in the neighborhood of 25 tons). However, not all pliosaurs were equally big: for example, the late Cretaceous Dolichorhynchops was a 17-foot-long runt (and may have subsisted on soft-bellied squids rather than more robust prehistoric fish). Plesiosaur and Pliosaurs Behavior Just as plesiosaurs and pliosaurs (with some notable exceptions) differed in their basic body plans, they also differed in their behavior. For a long time, paleontologists were puzzled by the extremely long necks of some plesiosaurs, speculating that these reptiles held their heads high above the water (like swans) and dived them down to spear fish. It turns out, though, that the heads and necks of plesiosaurs werent strong or flexible enough to be used this way, though they certainly would have combined to make an impressive underwater fishing apparatus. Despite their sleek bodies, plesiosaurs were far from the fastest marine reptiles of the Mesozoic Era (in a head-to-head match, most plesiosaurs would likely have been outflippered by most ichthyosaurs, the slightly earlier fish lizards that evolved hydrodynamic, tuna-like shapes). One of the developments that doomed the plesiosaurs of the late Cretaceous period was the evolution of faster, better-adapted fish, not to mention the evolution of more agile marine reptiles like mosasaurs. As a general rule, the pliosaurs of the late Jurassic and Cretaceous periods were bigger, stronger, and just plain meaner than their long-necked plesiosaur cousins. Genera like Kronosaurus and Cryptoclidus attained sizes comparable to modern grey whales, except that these predators were equipped with numerous, sharp teeth rather than plankton-scooping baleen. Whereas most plesiosaurs subsisted on fish, pliosaurs (like their underwater neighbors, the prehistoric sharks) probably fed on anything and everything that ventured their way, ranging from fish to squids to other marine reptiles. Plesiosaur and Pliosaur Fossils One of the odd things about plesiosaurs and pliosaurs pertains to the fact that, 100 million years ago, the distribution of the earths oceans was much different than it is today. Thats why new marine reptile fossils are constantly being discovered in such unlikely places as the American west and midwest, major portions of which were once covered by the broad, shallow Western Interior Sea. Plesiosaur and pliosaur fossils are also unusual in that, unlike those of terrestrial dinosaurs, theyre often found in one, completely articulated piece (which may have something to do with the protective qualities of the silt at the ocean bottom). These remains baffled naturalists as long ago as the 18th century; one fossil of a long-necked plesiosaur prompted a (still unidentified) paleontologist to quip that it looked like a snake threaded through the shell of a turtle. A plesiosaur fossil also figured in one of the most famous dust-ups in the history of paleontology. In 1868, the famous bone-hunter Edward Drinker Cope reassembled an Elasmosaurus skeleton with the head placed on the wrong end (to be fair, up to that point, paleontologists had never encountered such a long-necked marine reptile). This error was seized on by Copes arch-rival Othniel C. Marsh, kicking off a long period of rivalry and sniping known as the Bone Wars. Are Plesiosaurs and Pliosaurs Still Among Us? Even before a living coelacantha genus of prehistoric fish that was believed to have died off tens of millions of years agowas found in 1938 off the coast of Africa, people known as cryptozoologists have speculated about whether all the plesiosaurs and pliosaurs really went extinct 65 million years ago along with their dinosaur cousins. Whereas any surviving terrestrial dinosaurs would likely have been discovered by now, the reasoning goes, the oceans are vast, dark and deepso somewhere, somehow, a colony of Plesiosaurus might have survived. The poster lizard for living plesiosaurs, of course, is the mythical Loch Ness Monsterpictures of which bear a marked resemblance to Elasmosaurus. However, there are two problems with the theory that the Loch Ness monster is really a plesiosaur: first, as mentioned above, plesiosaurs breathe air, so the Loch Ness monster would have to emerge from the depths of its lake every ten minutes or so, which might draw some attention. And second, as also mentioned above, the necks of plesiosaurs simply werent strong enough to allow them to strike a majestic, Loch Ness-like pose. Of course, as the saying goes, the absence of evidence is not evidence of absence. Vast regions of the worlds oceans remain to be explored, and it doesnt defy belief (though its still a very, very long shot) that a living plesiosaur may one day be scooped up in a fishing net. Just dont expect it to be found in Scotland, in the vicinity of a famous lake!

Psychopathology Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Psychopathology - Assignment Example ce characterized by such feelings to a greater degree than seems warranted by the external circumstances, typically with lack of energy and difficulty in maintaining concentration or interest in life.† Mary’s father had an addictive personality, and was an alcoholic. He was very promiscuous and had known relationships with as many as 9 women that Mary knows of. He was given to physical and verbal abuse, which led to Mary’s mother separating from him when Mary was six years old. Mary’s mother also had an addictive personality and was abusive. After her separation, she moved to London, and the stress of providing for the children brought out her abusive side, till Mary left her house at age 17. Mary has younger siblings who she was responsible for after leaving her mother’s house. This includes brothers as well as sisters. Mary was their primary caregiver till they reached adulthood after they left their mother. Mary has felt protective and responsible towards them as she was the oldest. Mary found it difficult to have relationships as she experienced trust issues – possibly stemming from her parents dysfunctional relationship and eventual separation. She eventually met her present husband, a dentist belonging to a middle class background who convinced her that he would be loyal to her and would never leave her. They have now been married for 17 years; but their present relationship is somewhat distant. She has 2 daughters, who she has devoted all her time to. Her relationships with her daughters are not very healthy at the moment, especially since her elder daughter aged 16, found out that she was pregnant. This incidence was the triggering point that started the depressive experiences that Mary has presented with. Mary comes from a small town culture, but moved to London with her mother at an early age. The middle class notions of propriety were what forced her mother to move to London; but Mary seem to identify with them and holds her family to

Personal statement for dental school Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Personal statement for dental school - Essay Example At the very early stage of my academic sessions, I studied in a dental school in Egypt MISR University for Science and Technology Medicine. At the early stage, prior to my visit to Saudi Arabia, I acquired fundamental knowledge about the dental problems along with their required care processes. During that period, I was fascinated with dentistry profession, as this profession involves number of effective care functions that have the potentiality in enabling the patients to gain quick relief from any pain or related problem. Indeed my initial exposure to select the dentistry profession as a prospective career path was shaped during the period of my one-year dental treatment course at the school. In relation to the recent trend of technological advancement, the treatment procedure for dental care has been witnessed to generate greater interests amid the modern medical professionals. Moreover, the dental care industry is identified to be incessantly growing, ensuring the formation of a strong career path for the modern students (American Dental Hygienists Association, â€Å"Career Paths†). These are certain reasons due to which I am quite fascinated towards this particular profession and desire to pursue my career in this field. Due to the higher level of commitment made towards making dentistry as my primary career path or profession, I decided to visit Palestine and enhance my knowledge on dental treatment by performing as a co-worker at my sister’s clinic. Moreover, increased extent of eagerness to learn real experiences have certainly made me to visit Palestine in the summer 2012. My sister provided extensive support by involving me to learn various new facets associated with dental ailments along with their respective care procedures. During the period of performing as a co-worker at my sister’s clinic, I used to learn the things that I have studied during my one-year course in the dental school. In this regard, improving career path and attaining personal

Fiscal policy of the U.S Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Fiscal policy of the U.S - Essay Example This would mean that there are measures put in place that ensure federal states have their budgets scrutinized well and that the debt nationally remains quite stable and ensuring that it is continually on a declining path. The Bowles-Simpson plan was set up with ideology of ensuring that they reduce the deficit and achieve the American fiscal goals outlined above. This plan is based on certain key fundamental components that would help in meeting the financial deficit. The Bowles-Simpson plan recommends for an enactment of a comprehensive tax reform. This plan focuses in reducing tax expenditure through what Bowles and Simpson described as â€Å"zero plan† which is intended to drastically cut not only the size but also the number of expenditures (Ghilarducci, 954). The main aim for America is to generate more revenue and direct that revenue to development and growth of the economy. These changes will ensure there is improvement in the tax equation that is both on the income an d expenditure. This would be achieved by applying several measures among them establishing tax policy. Implementation of a tax policy would ensure that there is a reduction in deficit especially on the federal states by making an attempt to raise more tax while cutting down on spending. This plan also aims at identifying possible areas of additional cuts on spending and revenue generations. Bowles-Simpson plan has various ways of achieving the goal that had been set out and adopted various options. As stated by Mathews et al (167), the† Zero Plan,† would work towards cutting off all unnecessary tax expenditures and save approximately eighty billion dollars yearly to cut on the financial deficit thus the revenue gains can be used to reduce tax rates. However there would be some exemption for instances in foreign tax credit, child credit and in earnings from income tax credit. There was less common preferencing especially on mortgage interest, retirement saving and on heal th insurance that is employer-sponsored. The plan also intends to ensure that expenditures on corporate tax are eliminated and that there is a reduction on the same. There was the Alternative minimum tax that also required elimination. The six individual bracket tax rates currently would be replaced with a schedule that has only three brackets and increase the same to higher percentages. Another major change would came in the wage base especially on the social security one which was to be increased with a two percent annually resulting to more than the average wage growth making it a more effective way. Gasoline which acts as a major source of income in federal states and increasing the excise tax on the same therefore would ensure that there is increase in income. While the proponents of Bowles-Simpson says that it is a remedy to ensuring that Americans reduce their debts and that there is economic revival the opponents of the same argue that this plan will reduce on net of safety programs such as Medicare and social security. According to Matthews et al (681), the Bowles-Simpson plan’s main strategy is cutting deep into benefits in order to restore solvency to the program while causing a number of serious and adverse changes. The fact the policy failed to protect the low income earners from these drastic reductions, low income workers are unlikely to support the program because of the reduced benefits. Moreover, this policy breaks the links between the relationship between their past earnings